Kiriniki yePurotesitendi yePurotesitendi

Ongorora:Abrasion inzira yekuita gynecological inoitwa kuti iongorore uye kurapa zvirwere zvemukati memhino. Iyo cervical canal yakanyungudzwa kuti ipe kupinda muchibereko. Ipapo madziro echibereko anotsemurwa neputi yekushandisa. Maitiro acho anowanzoitwa pasi peanesthesia kana kushandisa shanduko yakadzika. Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: Vhiki 1

Ongorora:Hysterectomy ndiko kushanda kubvisa chiberekero. Iine hysterectomy, chete chiberekero chinobviswa, kana zvakare cervix, ovaries uye fallopian machubhu. Iyo hysterectomy inogona kuitwa kuburikidza nemudumbu mucity (abdominal hysterectomy) kana kuburikidza nebonde (vaginal hysterectomy). Iyo hysterectomy inogona kuitwa sekuvhiya kwekuvhiya kana laparoscopic (arthroscopic upasuaji). Uterine fibroids ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera hysterectomy. Sezvo nguva yekugadzirisa zvakareba kwazvo, kuvhiyiwa kunongoratidzwa mukatikana mamwe marapirwo asina kubudirira. Mushure mekuita hysterectomy, mukadzi anomira kuenda kumwedzi, haakwanisi kuva nevana, uye mishonga inodzorerwa kwehomoni inorongerwa iye. Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: 1 - 3 mavhikiMushure mekuvhiyiwa, mukadzi anoda masvondo akati wandei ekugadziridzwa asati afamba. Chiremba anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti mamiriro emurwere agadzikana, uye agadzirira kufamba.

Ongorora:Myomectomy muitiro wekuvhiya unoitwa kubvisa uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroids ndeyekukura kwekukanganisa kunogona kukonzera kubuda ropa kwevakadzi, pelvic uye kuderera kurwadziwa shure, kurwadziwa panguva yekurara pamwe uye kuvimbwa.

Ongorora:Kubvisa iyo ovarian cyst inzira yekuvhiya inoitwa kubvisa hombe, dzinokatyamadza, kana zvinorwadza cysts kubva mumazai. Iyo ovarian cyst isusu yakazadzwa nemvura.

Ongorora:Iyo echocardiogram (EchoCG) kuongororwa kwemoyo iyo, uchishandisa ultrasound mafungu, anogadzira mufananidzo- kana miviri-yemhando yemhando yemoyo. Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: 1 - 2 mazuvaKazhinji, varwere vanobva pakiriniki nekukurumidza mushure mekurapwa, kana urema hunoda kurapwa zvisati hwawanikwa.

Ongorora:Electrocardiogram (ECG) inonyorwa uchishandisa electrodes inoiswa paganda. Vanobata maungira emagetsi emutsipa wemoyo, uyo unokutendera kuti uise hukuru hwemakamuri emwoyo, kuwanda kwezvibvumirano zvemoyo uye mamwe ma paramu. Electrocardiogram inogona kuona kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana kwemoyo, kusanganisira chirwere chemwoyo, kutadza kwemwoyo, mwoyo Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: 1 - 2 mazuvaKana iyo electrocardiogram isingaratidzi chirwere chakakomba chemwoyo, murwere anogona kubhururuka nendege nekukurumidza mushure meitiro.

Kuongororwa kwekudzivirira kwekurapa kunowanzodaidzwa kuti kuongororwa-kana kuongororwa, kubva kuongororo yechirungu, kuongororwa kwehutano hwemurwere. Kuongororwa kwekurapa kunogona kubatsira kuona matambudziko ehutano pakutanga, kunyange zviratidzo zvisati zvaitika, uye zvakare kusimbisa varwere vari kunetseka nezvehutano hwavo kana vane zviratidzo zvinofungidzira.Kuongororwa kwechivanhu kwakawanda (kuongorora-kumusoro) kunokurudzirwa kuti kuitwe makore ese mashoma. Kunyanya kune avo varwere vakawandisauremu, maitiro akaipa, kana nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere zvakadai semwoyo chirwere, kenza, kana chirwere cheshuga. Kuongorora-kunokwanisa kubatsira kuona matambudziko akadai sekukwira kweropa kana chirwere chemoyo chekutanga. Varwere vachakwanisa kuita shanduko dzinodiwa mumararamiro nemaitiro, uye kana zvichidikanwa, tanga kunwa mishonga, uchidzivirira kuwedzerwa kwechirwere.Kune akawanda akasiyana bvunzo uye bvunzo izvo zvinogona kuverengerwa muongororo yekurapa, kusanganisirakuongororwa kweropa, kufungidzira kwekuongorora, bvunzo dzemwoyo uye nevamwe vazhinji. Ongororo dzinogona kusanganisira kuongororwa kweropa kwemamamota ezviratidzo anoona zviratidzo zvekenza masero mumuviri.Kuongorora-inokurudzirwa kune chero munhu anokahadzika pamusoro pehutano hwavo kana vane zviratidzo zvinoda kuongororwa nguva dzose.YakakurudzirwaKuongororwa kwenguva dzose kwekurapa kunokurudzirwa kune vese varwere, kunyanya avo vane njodzi yakakura yekukudziridza zvimwe zvirwere.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, iyo inopfupikiswa seZESE (nemavara ekutanga echirwere), uye dzimwe nguva iwe unogona kuwana zita acute lymphocytic leukemia - chirwere chinorwadza che hematopoietic system. Chirwere chinotanga mumongo wefupa. Mongo yedu yemapfupa fekitari yemasero eropa akasiyana. Kana marongo epfupa achinge arwara, zvino fekitori iyi, panzvimbo yeiya ine hutano (vanachiremba vanotaura nezvemasero akura), anotanga kuburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemasero machena eropa.Kana munhu asingarwari, ipapo masero ese eropa anokura uye akagadziridzwa zvakaringana, zvese zvinoitika nenzira ine hukama. Masero eropa anokura zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kuita kwekutenderera kwacho kwakaoma kunzwisisa. Asi riinhimwana anorwara neacute lymphoblastic leukemia, i.e.ZVese, maitiro ekumashure anotsemuka zvachose.Masero machena eropa, kureva kuti masero eropa machena, anongoerekana arega kukura zvakakwana uye haakure kuva maseru anoshanda akazara. Panzvimbo iyoyo, ivo vanotanga kukurumidza uye vasingadzoreki kugovera. Basa rehematopoietic system riri kuwedzera kushaikwa zvakanaka: maseru anorwara anodzora vane hutano uye anotora nzvimbo yawo mumongo. Mwana anorwara anoshaya masero eropa machena, masero eropa tsvuku (masero matsvuku eropa), kana maplatelet eropa (maplatelet).Ndokusaka vana vachigona kutanga anemia (anemia), akasiyana siyana kutapurirana (kutapukira), uye kazhinji kubuda ropa. Uye izviizvo zviratidzo zvekutanga izvo zvinogona kutaura pamusoro peakachemia leukemia mumwana. Asi chirwere pachacho, ZVESE, kubva pakutanga chaipo hachipo mune chero chikamu chemuviri. Kubva pamutsipa wemapfupa, unopinda mukati meropa, uchipinda mumukati medumbu (lymphatic system) uye mune dzimwe nhengo dzese. Basa rehurongwa hwese hwemitumbi, kureva iyo muviri wese, rinotanga kukanganiswa. Ndokusaka ZVESE, sedzimwe mhando dzese dzemukaka, inonzi chinonzi systemic malignant chirwere, kureva kuti chirwere chinoparadza muviri wese sehurongwa.ZVESE zvinopararira mumuviri wese nekukurumidza. Pasina kurapwa, leukemia masero anokamukira kwese kwese, kwetezvipingamupinyi zvekusangana. Nhengo idzo dzavakazorega kushanda zvakajairika uye hosha nyowani dzinotanga mavari. Kana leukemia isina kurapwa, ipapo kufa kunoitika mumwedzi mishoma.Siya chikumbiro chemahara pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzinozokubata uye kukubatsira kuti usarudze kiriniki yakanyanya kunaka maererano nenyaya yako. Iyo kurapwa regimen yeakakonzera chirwere chemukaka zvinoenderana nezera uye mamiriro emurwere, mhando uye nhanho yekuvandudzwa kwechirwere, uye inogara ichiverengerwa mumwe nemumwe pachiitiko chega chega.Kune maviri epamusoro maitiro ekurapa kweakakonzera chirwere chemukaka - chemotherapy uye kurapwa kwekuvhiya - pfupa marongo transplantation.Chemotherapy inoumbwa nenhanho mbiri dzakateerana:• Chinangwa chechikamu chekutanga ndechekuwaniswa kwekuregererwa. Ne chemotherapy, oncologists inowana kuderera kwezinga remasero ekuputika• Nhanho yekubatanidza yakakodzera kuparadza maseru ekenza asara• Kudzoserwa zvakare, sekutonga, kudzokorora chose chiitiko (zvinodhaka, dosages, frequency yekutonga• Mukuwedzera kune chemotherapeutic zvinodhaka, cytostatics iripo mune yakajairika kurapwa regimen.Maererano nehuwandu, iyo nguva yakakwana yekurapa chemotherapy kurapa kwemaukemia anenge makore maviri.Chemotherapy inosanganiswa ne cytostatics irinzira yehasha yekuratidzira, ichikonzera huwandu hwemigumisiro (kusvotwa, kurutsa, hutano husina kunaka, kupera kwebvudzi, nezvimwewo). Kuti kuderedze mamiriro emurwere, kurapwa kwecommonit kunorayirwa. Mukuwedzera, zvichienderana nemamiriro, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, detoxification vamiriri, maplatelet uye erythrocyte huwandu, uye kuwedzerwa ropa kunogona kukurudzirwa.Bone marongo transplantationKuwedzerwa kwemapfupa kunopa murwere masutu ehunhu, ayo anozova madzitateguru emaseru eropa.Icho chinonyanya kukosha mamiriro ekutapurirana ndiko kuregererwa kwakazara kwechirwere. Izvo zvakakosha kuti marongo epfupa akacheneswa kubva pakuputika masero anozadzwa nemasero ane hutano.Kugadzirira murwere kuvhiyiwa,inokosha immunosuppressive kurapwa kunoitwa. Izvi zvakakosha kuti uparadze leukemia masero uye kudzvinyirira kuchengetedza kwemuviri kuti uderedze njodzi yekushandurwa kwekutapurwa.Contraindication kune mapfupa anotapudza:• Kuputsa kwekushanda kwe nhengo dzemukati• Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvinotapukira• Kutangazve kweanonyanya kukonzera leukemia, kwete kududzira mukuregererwa• chembereRega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Chinhu chekutanga icho varwere nemukadzi wese vanofanirwa kuziva nezvegomarara rezamu (sekuti, zvechokwadi, chero mhando yekenza): nhasi ichi hachisi mutsara, yekutanga nhanho yechirwere, yakakwira mikana yekukunda kenza zvachose. Uye kunyange mumatanho anotevera, kune mikana yakawanda uye yakawanda yekurwisa zvinobudirira chirwere ichi nekuda kwekuuya kwenzira dzemazuva ano dzekurapa (ona pasi apa).Ndiani ari panjodzi? Kenza yemazamu chirwere chinoshungurudza neoplasm iyo inowanikwa mune imwechete mune gumi vakadzi. Kenza yemazamu inogona kucherechedzwa pazera ripi neripi, asi mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu, njodziKuumbwa kwemamoriyamu kwakapetwa kakapetwa kashanu kupfuura zera rino. Vanotsvaga vanoona zvinotevera zvinokonzera kukura kwechirwere.1) kuremerwa nhaka: kana hama, kunyanya padumbu revakadzi, vakawanikwa vaine kenza yemazamu, nhengo dzechikadzi, uye zvimwe zvirwere zvekurwara, ipapo njodzi yekurwara nekenza yemazamu inowedzera;2) kutanga kwekuenda kumwedzi (kusvika pamakore gumi nemaviri) uye kunonoka kwekuenda kumwedzi (mushure memakore makumi manomwe nemashanu);3) kusununguka kubereka, kunonoka kuberekwa kwekutanga (mushure memakore makumi matatu), kushomeka kwechibereko kana kuti kwenguva pfupi yekuyamwisa, yepashure yekumuka kwepashure;4) husina kujairika hupenyu hwepabonde;5) kukuvara kwemamary gland;6) kuongororwa kwe "dishormonalmammary gland hyperplasia ”;7) kufutisa;8) kudonhedzwa kwechibereko;9) hormone kutsiva kurapa.Zviratidzo zveCancer Cancer Muchiitiko chekurapa, bundu riri mumamary gland mune akawanda mamiriro ezvinhu anoonekwa nemukadzi kana mukadzi, zvinoitikawo. Bundu rinogona kuwonekwa pakuongororwa nachiremba mammologist, gynecologist, chiremba wekuvhiya, kana kuve netsaona munguva yekuongorora.Zviratidzo zvipi zvinofanirwa kunyevera:    Pamusoro pekunzwa dzidzo pazamu, mukadzi anogona kuona shanduko mumhapa: ulceration, retraction, seeging from the nipple. Iyi inguva yekukumbira chiremba pakarepo.     mune inotevera nhanho chiratidzokukura kushaya simba, kushomeka kwehutano, kukosora, kupfupika kwakanyanya kwekufema, kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunogona kuitika.Mabhachi eKenza Marapirwo Kurapa kenza yemazamu kunoitwa mumatanho akati wandei uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana. Nhatu nzira huru dzinoshandiswa nhasi:Mushonga antitumor kurapwa.Kune akatiwandei marudzi ekurapa kwakadaro, anoti:* chemotherapy: mune ino kesi, zvinodhaka zvine chinangwa chekuparadzwa kwe tumor cell zvinoshandiswa;* kurapa kwehomoni, iko kuti, kushandiswa kwemishonga inodzvinyirira ihmori chiitiko chechipundu nemuviri;* Kurapwa kwakanangwa inzira itsva, nzira iyo mishonga yacho "yakapiswa" pane chinangwa chemasumbu tumor uye zvakanyanya kukanganisa hutanotishu yemunhu;* Immunotherapy ndiyo nzira itsva kwazvo, iyo nhasi pamakorinendi epasirese oncologists inonzi imwe yedzakanakisa nzira dzinokurudzira nzira dzekurwisa marudzi akasiyana ekenza. Iko kukosha kwe immunotherapy kuri mune chaiyo purogiramu yemaseru ekudzivirira emurwere. Nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwavo chaihwo, vanoshandura kuita chishandiso chine simba chinogona kuziva nekuparadza maseru ekenza chaizvo.Nekuongororwa kwegomarara remazamu, kurapwa kwekuvhiya uye radiation kurapwa kunoshandiswawo.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Bladder cancer kenza yechina inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevanhurume; mune vakadzi, izvo zvishoma. Sezvo mutemo, bundu rebundu rinokura zvishoma, uye rinogona kunyatsobudirira pasina kuvhiyiwa kukuru. Uyezve, kazhinji kenza yegomarara, njodzi yekukuvarira bundu rinoisa hupenyu mudiki idiki kwazvo. Kutanga kuongororwa uye kuongororwa nguva dzose kwakakosha pakubudirira kwekurapa.Bladder cancer cancerChikwangwani chinowanzozivikanwa chekenza yemabhonzo ndiko kuoneka kweropa mumwena. Dzimwe nguva inogona kuoneka neziso rakashama, asi kazhinji kuvepo kwemasero eropa kunogona chete kuonekwa panguva yakavanzikaurinalysis. Kuonekwa kweropa mumubhino kunogona kuperekedzwa nemanzwiro asiri ekunakisa panguva yekupenda (kazhinji kunotsanangurwa se "kupisa"). Mukuwedzera, kuyera kunogona kuve kwakawanda uye kuchikurumidza kupfuura zvakajairwa. Mumatanho ekutanga echirwere, zvimwe zviratidzo zvisipo. Naizvozvo, kana paine iropa mune urini kana kuti mune yekukanganisa kupinda mukati, kuongororwa kunofanira kutorwa pakarepo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti urangarira kuti izvi zviratidzo hazvireve kuratidza kuvepo kwe bundu - zvinogonawo kukonzerwa nematombo, kuzvimba kweiyo urethra, yakawedzera prostate, nezvimwe. Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, chikonzero cheizvi zviratidzo chinofanira kutanga chanyatsotsanangurwa.SeiUnowanikwa uine kenza yemabhonzo?Kana ropa rikawanikwa mune urini, bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzinofanira kuitwa kusabvisa bundu rechironda. Ichi chirwere ibasa reurology, saka kunyangwe iwe wanga uri kuna chiremba wemhuri, unofanirwa kushanyira urologist. Mushure mekujekesa nhoroondo yekurapa uye kuongororwa kwemuviri, iwe uchafanirwa kuenda nekuwongorora akati wandei, kazhinji usingade kuchipatara.Munguva ye cystoscopy, endrosope yakaonda inoiswa kuburikidza neurethra (urethra) mubhedhuru. Nayo, iwe unokwanisa kunyatsoongorora nzvimbo yemukati yemabheji uye kutarisa tumors kana zvimwe zvirwere. Iwe unogona zvakare kutora sampuli kubva kumadziro.bhebhi (biopsy). Kuongororwa kunoitwa pakarara pasi, pasi peanesthesia yemuno, uye hazvidi kuchipatara. Mushure me cystoscopy, kunzwa kupisa zvishoma panguva yekurumwa kunogoneka, uko kuchapfuura mushure mezuva kana maviri. Kunwa yakawanda yemvura iyi mazuva ano zvinokurudzirwa.CT urography ndeye computed tomography scan panguva iyo musiyano mumiririri akaiswa mukati memuviri uye nekukurumidza inosimbisa mu urethra. Mushure meizvozvi, computer tomography inoratidza mamiriro eitsvo, ureters uye bhudhi. Kana murwere aine chirwere cheasthma kana kuti allergic kune zvinodhaka kana iodini, mishonga yakakosha inofanira kutorwa pamberi penzira yekudzivirira iyo isinganetseke. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive iyo ultrasound uye computed tomographyitsvo hadzi dzakakwanira kupa tsanangudzo inopedza simba uye isingaite yezvikonzero zveropa mumhino.Bladder cancer kurapwaNhanho yekutanga kubvisa bundu. Iyo minwe yakabviswa inotumirwa kuchipatara kuti itarise mhando yebundu uye kudzika kwaro mukati maro mumadziro emabhonzo. Kubviswa kwe bundu (kana resection yayo) kazhinji kunoitika panguva yekuchipatara. Iyo resection inoitwa pasi peanesthesia uchishandisa cystoscope-senge zvishandiso zvakaiswa mukati meiyo urethra (urethra), pasina incways kana kuvhura dumbu. Muzhinji, mushure mekunge bundu raonekwa, murwere anokokwa kuvhiyiwa kwakarongwa. Nekudaro, mune zviitiko apo bundu rinotungamirakugara uchibuda ropa, nekukurumidza kuvhiya kunodiwa. Sezvo mutemo, tumor resection inotungamira kumira kwekubuda ropa. Dzimwe nguva kubviswa kwakakwana kwe bundu hakugone nekuda kwehukuru hwayo kana kudzika kwekupinda mumadziro emabhonzo. Mune zviitiko zvakadaro, biopsy ichaitwa kuti itarise mhando yehuputi uye kudzika kwekupinda kwayo, mushure meizvozvo dzimwe nzira dzekurapa dzichashandiswa. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, catheter inosara mu bladder kuburikidza ne urethra kwemazuva akati wandei kuti ronda rekuvhiya ripore. Mumazuva ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa, panogona kunge paine kubuda ropa zvishoma kubva pamabhonzo, ayo anofanira kumira zvishoma nezvishoma. Mushure mekubviswa kwe catheterkunzwa kukurumidza uye kupisa, kana kurwadziwa kana uchitsvaga. Kazhinji, kupindira uku ndekwenguva pfupi. Muzhinji, murwere anozokwanisa kudzokera kune zvakajairika kushanda kumba mazuva maviri matatu mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Iyo sarudzo yekuenderera mberi nekurapa inoenderana nemhedzisiro yeye histological kuongororwa (tumor rudzi uye kupenya kwakadzika).Chikamu chechipiri chekurapa chinogona kusanganisira sarudzo nhatu.    Zvepamusoro tumor, kwete kupinda mukati kupfuura inochinja epithelium. Mune ino kesi, kuenderera kurapwa hakudiwi. Pasinei neizvi, maronda akadaro anowanzoitika zvakare, kunyanya mumakore ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Neichi chikonzero, kunyanyaIzvo zvakakosha kuti uongororwe nguva dzose mukiriniki yekurapa.     Bundu rakapinda mukati meiyo epithelium inochinja, asi haina kupinda muswe. Mune ino kesi, isu tiri kutaurawo nezve chepamusoro chepundu, asi kuwedzera kurapwa kunodiwa. Semutemo, mishonga yakakosha inoiswa mubhedhuru. Mushonga wakanyanya uye unoshanda anonzi BCG. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuvandudza mhinduro yemuviri yekudzivirira. Cytotoxic zvinodhaka zvinouraya cancer maseru zvinoshandiswawo. Icho chinangwa cheBGG uye zvimwe zvinodhaka ndechekudzivirira tumor kudzokorora mushure mekupamhazve. Iyi kurapwa inokurudzirwazve mune zviitiko zvakadai sekuvapo kweakawanda anoputika tumor.kana kukurumidza kudzosera bundu mwedzi yakati wandei mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Mushonga uyu unopihwa kamwe chete pasvondo kweanenge mavhiki matanhatu, mukiriniki yekurapa, uchishandisa catheter yakaonda iyo inoiswa mubhedhuru. Mushure mekurapa mushonga, murwere anokumbirwa kuti arege kuyama kwemaawa maviri. Murwere anogona kusangana nekunzwa kupisa kana uchitsvaga uye kusanakidzwa kwekunzwa mudumbu rakadzika, zvisinei, vanokurumidza kupfuura.     Bundu rakapinda mukati merimwe musumbu, rakadzika mukati memadziro emabhonzo. Mune ino kesi, resection ye tumor kuburikidza ne urethra haina kukwana. Kazhinji, iwe unofanirwa kubvisa bhebhi rese pamberikuvhura dumbu. Chinangwa chekutanga bhebhi ndechokubvisa zvachose maseru emukenza kubva mumuviri kuti apore.     Mushure mekupamhidzwazve kwebhedhi, kutsiva kunofanirwa kuumbwa kuti kumubvumidze kupuruzira. Pane zvisarudzo zvinoverengeka zvekutsiva izvi:    Urini inopinda yakananga muhombodo yakabatanidzwa kumadziro emudumbu.     Kugadzira imwe muhomwe yekurongedza muhari yemukati (inoda kuiswa kweye catheter kanoverengeka pazuva pazuva kuti uburitse muhomwe yewaini).     Imwe homwe yekurapa muhombodo yemuviri inobvumira yakajairwa yekubaya kuburikidza ne urethra.ZvimwePane kupora kwakazara here?Mhinduro yacho haina kujeka: ehe. Mazhinji maronda ebhedhi ingori bundu repamuromo. Kubviswa kwe bundu kuburikidza ne urethra (dzimwe nguva mubatanidzwa nekuiswa kweCBG mumabheji) kunotungamira mukutsakatika kwayo kwakakwana. Kazhinji, mushure menguva yakati, bundu rinodzokororazve, asi nekugara uchiongorora, unogona kuriona achiri mudanho uye nekubudirira kuriramba. Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunosanganisira urinalysis, cystoscopy uye computer tomography ye urethra. Nguva yakawanda yafamba kubva pakurapwa kwekupedzisira, zvishoma pane zvaunofanira kuongororwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti iweuke kuti kuputa kunowedzera njodzi yako.kudzokorora kwe bundu bundu; saka, kana iwe uchiputa, iwe unofanirwa kurega iyi yakaipa tsika.Tumors inopinda zvakadzika mumadziro emabhedhi inogonesa kupora zvizere nerubatsiro rwe resection. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvinokwanisika kugadzira imwe bladder iyo inobvumira yakajairwa kukurudzira kuburikidza ne urethra. Nekuda kweizvi, murwere haagone chete kupora zvakakwana, asi zvakare kudzokera kune zvakajairika kushanda izvo zvakajairika kwaari.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Paavhareji, shanduko kubva ku precancer kuva kenza inorwara inotora kubva pamakore maviri kusvika gumi nemashanu. Iyo inotevera inoshanduka kubva pachikamu chekutanga chegomarara kune yekupedzisira inotora makore 1-2.Cervical cancer idumbu rinokuvadza, iro maererano nehuwandu hwekurapa pakati pezvirwere zvecancer zvinowanikwa muhupombwe, zvinotora nzvimbo yechina (mushure megomarara remudumbu, ganda uye mammary gland).Kunobva kenza yemuchibereko maseru akajairika anovharira cervix. Anodarika zviuru mazana matanhatu ezviuru izvi zvinoonekwa gore rimwe nerimwe.varwere. Kunyangwe chirwere checancer checervical chinowanzoitika pakati pemakore makumi mana-60, asi, zvinosuruvarisa, nguva pfupi yadarika kuva idiki kwazvo.Kurapa kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko kunosanganisirwa uye kunosanganisira kuvhiya, chemotherapy neradiation radiation. Panguva imwe neimwe, kurapwa kunorongwa mumwe nemumwe, zvinoenderana nedanho rechirwere, chirwere chinowoneka, mamiriro emuromo wechibereko, uye kuvapo kwezvirwere zvinozvimba panguva ino.Panguva yekuvhiya, bundu rinogona kubviswa nechikamu checervix, kubvisa bundu pamwecervix, uye dzimwe nguva nechizvaro pachayo. Kazhinji, kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa pamwe nekubviswa kwe lymph node ye pelvis (kana masero ekenza akagona kuzvijaira). Iyo nyaya yekubviswa kwe ovarian kazhinji inogadziriswa zvakasiyana (mumatanho ekutanga ekenza muvakadzi vadiki, ovary inogona kuchengetedzwa).Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kana zvichidikanwa, varwere vanopihwa radiation therapy. Kurapa ne ionizing radiation kunogona kuwedzeredza kurapwa kwekurapa, uye kunogona kuiswa zvakasiyana. Mukurapa kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko, chemotherapy, mishonga inokosha inomisa kukura inogona kushandiswa.uye kenza cell kupatsanurana. Nehurombo, mukana wekuti chemotherapy chirwere ichi ishoma.Kubudirira kwechirwere chegomarara remuchibereko kunoenderana nezera remurwere, chokwadi chekusarudzwa kwekurapa, uye, zvinonyanya kukosha, pakurasika kwechirwere. Kana chirwere chegomarara remuchibereko chaonekwa mudanho repamberi, chirwere chechipfuva chakanakisa uye chirwere chinogona kurapwa nemaitiro ekuvhiya chete.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Chemotherapy kurapwa kwakachengetedzwa kwegomarara nemishonga yemakemikari. Chemotherapy inogona kuve chimwe chezvinhu zvinosanganisa kurapa uye inogona kusangana neradiation kurapwa kana kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu. Chinangwa che chemotherapy chingangove kuparadza kwakazara kwechirwere chegomarara uye nekudzikira kwekukura uye kubereka kwemasero ane cancer. Kuderedza kukura uye kubereka kwemaseru kunotungamira mukudzikira kwehukuru hwebundu uye nekuvandudzwa muhupenyu hwevarwere uye, mune dzimwe nguva, kunowedzera mikana yekubudirira kwakakwana kubvisa bundu.Yakakurudzirwa    Kurapa kenza     Kenza Hupenyu

Kurapa kwechirwere chechirwere chechemusi kunoitirwa mukuderedza zviratidzo zvechirwere. Leukemia rudzi rwekenza inobata maseru eropa mumuviri. Chirwere ichi chinowanzo kukura mumapfupa, umo mune kusaenzana mukati memasero machena eropa. Kazhinji, masero eropa anoumba, anokura, uye kufa kuti agadzire nzvimbo yemasero matsva, uye leukemia inokanganisa kuita uku.Chirwere chemoukemia chinononoka uye muzvikamu zvekutanga, zvinogona kugara kwemakore mazhinji, hazvidi kurapwa. Chekupedzisira, zvinenge zvisingaite kuporesa zvachose chirwere chemukaka, asi zvinogoneka kuderedza zviratidzo uye kuwana kuregererwa nerubatsiro rwe chemo- uye radiotherapy, kurapa zvinodhaka, kwema biology kurapwa kana kupfupika kwepfupa. Nekuongororwa kwe leukemia, kurapwa nemakwenzi kana zvekudya zvinowedzera hakuchina kurapa.

Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa kurapa cancer ye rectum kana diki dumbu, inozivikanwawo senge colorectal cancer, zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yegomarara uye nhanho yechirwere. Kenza inoitika kana muromo unowoneka wemaseru uchicherechedzwa, izvo zvinoita kuti maseru atange kupatsanuka uye kupararira nekukurumidza, panzvimbo yekufa nekugadzira nzvimbo yemasero matsva.Chemotherapy, kana systemicapy, inoitwa kwemwedzi yakati wandei. Mamwe makemikari anogona kuderedza kana kukanganisa kukanganisa kwemasero ekenza. Nguva dzekutora chemotherapy (makosi),inotsiviwa nekumbomira kwevhiki dzinoverengeka kudzoresa muviri.Zvichienderana nekemotherapy, kurapwa kwakanangwa kunogona kuitwa, uko kunotendera mishonga kurwisa tumor maseru nenzira yakatarwa, zvobva zvaratidza kushomeka kwakashata mumuviri wemurwere.Radiotherapy inokutendera kuti uparadze cancer maseru uchishandisa dosed uye yakatariswa radiation kudzidza.Iyo kuronga uye nguva yekurapa inoenderana nehuwandu hwekuvandudzwa kwekenza uye hutano hwakajairika hwemurwere.Yakakurudzirwa    Colon kenza     Colorectal cancer     Colorectal cancer

nullmushonga uye neradiation kurapwa yakabatana kune kuvhiya. Kusarudzwa kwenzira inotungamira yekurapa inotsanangurwa nehukuru uye nenzvimbo yeiyo tumor, mamiriro emurwere uye zvirwere zvinosangana.Iine bundu diki kwazvo risingamere mucosa, mucosa chete ine pasi inouyaniswazve ne gastroscope, uye mhedzisiro yekurapa yakanaka kwazvo.Padanho I - II yekenza, chikamu cheesophagus chakabviswa, hurema hwakazadzwa nechikamu chedumbu kana kutihubhu hwakaumbwa kubva mudumbu. Nhasi zvinokwanisika kushandisa endoscopic zvishandiso pane izvi mashandiro.Nekupararira kwe bundu mukati memukati mesumbu uye zvakare, kuvhiya kunoitwa, asi izvinullDzimwe nguva chemoradiotherapy inoitwa nekusakwanira kuvhiyiwa kwakanyanya. Chemotherapy inogona kuitwa kana kuvhiyiwa kusingaite, kana bundu racho rakanyanya, kana aine bundu diki, asi paine general contraindication yekuvhiya. Mune iyi sarudzo yekuchengetedza, kupona kunofanana nekurapa kwekuvhiya. Mukuvapo kwe fistulas, chemoradiotherapy haigoneke. Chemotherapy inogona kuve yakaomeswa neye acute kuzvimba kwe mucous membrane yesophagus, iyo inoda chikafu kuburikidza ne anodonhedza.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Malignant neoplasms yeiyo gallbladder. Chirwere ichi ndechimwe chirwere chisingawanzo, kazhinji vakadzi vane makore makumi mashanu zvichikwira.Zviratidzo zvenduruChiratidzo chikuru chinoratidzira chinosanganisira kusvotwa uye kurutsa, jaundice, kurwadziwa mudenga rechitatu repadumbu, fivha, fivha, kuderera kwemuviri, kuderera kwekuda kudya, kutumbuka, uye kukura kwemapundu mumudumbu. Sezvo mutemo, mumatanho ekutanga echirwere, murwere haana chero kusagadzikana, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya mikana yemurwerekupora.Kuongororwa kwechirwere chegallbladderKuverengeka kwema laboratori uye kunobatsira ongororo kunoitwa: weropa bvunzo, yeropa biochemistry, x-ray yematumbu nhengo, magnetic resonance diagnosticosis yematumbu nhengo, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, biopsy yeiyo gallbladder iinezve nhoroondo nhoroondo yekuongororwa kwemasampula ehutu dzakakanganiswa.Gallbladder Cancer KurapaKurapa kwechirwere ichi, sekurwadzisa kwakanyanya neoplasms, kunosanganisira kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa bundu uye cervervative therapy. Nzira huru yekurapa ndeyekuvhiya, iyo yakakurumbira cholecystectomy. Nhasi, inoitwa nenzira yakapfava yekushanda.- laparoscopic nzira. Munguva yekurapa kwakaomarara, radiation therapy uye chemotherapy inoshandiswa, uye varwere vanogadziriswawo radiosensitizer gadziriso ine zvikamu zvinoshanda zvinowedzera kunzwa kweasypical maseru kune mamwe marudzi e radiation.Kudzivirira kweGallbladder KenzaIko hakuna nzira dzakananga dzekudzivirira kwemaitiro aya. Kukurudzira kwakawanda kunosanganisira: kuremerwa kwezvibodzwa zveuremu, kudya kwakakodzera, kuderera kwehuwandu hwekudya kwemhuka dzinobva uye kuwedzera kwekudya kwemiriwo nemichero. Zvinokurudzirwawo kusiya zvakaipa maitiro, kurovedzera muviri nguva dzose, uye kupisa muviri.

nullmamota ese eitsvo anoonekwa pasina nguva, aine yakarongeka ultrasound nekushayikwa kwakakwana kwezviratidzo.Zviratidzo zvechirwere zvino zvave kushomeka.    1. Ropa mune urini (hematuria). Kutaridzika kwake kunogona kungoerekana kwaitika uye ndokufungidzira.     2. Kurwadziwa mumashure uye kuderera kumashure: izvi zvichemo zvinosanganiswa nekutumbuka kwe bundu mumidziyo yepedyo kana kuvharika kwe ureter.     3. Kuisa chisimbiso mudumbu (palpation palpates bundu).     4. Kuwedzera kwekushisa uye kudzvinyirira kweropa (iyo yekupedzisira inogona kukonzerwa nekumanikidza kwemitsipa kana kugadzirwa kwe renin tumor).5. Varicocele.     6. Kupererwa nehuremu, kushaya simba kwakawanda, kushomoka kwemhepo, sweats husiku, uye kuneta zvakanyanya.Nehurombo, kazhinji zviratidzo zvegomarara re itsvo hazviwoneki pakarepo, chirwere chinobuda muchimiro cheasymptomatic kwenguva yakareba. Ndokusaka zvichikosha kuti uongororwe kudzivirira nguva dzose, ita bvunzo dzehutachiona uye utore ropa uye urini kuongororwa.Kuongororwa kwegomarara re itsvoKuongororwa chirwere chegomarara re itsvo kunosanganisira huwandu hwese hwakasiyana hwezvinyoro, izvo zvinokutendera kuti utange kuongororwa kwakanyatsorongeka.   1. Inonyanya kubhadhara nzira yekuziva nzira ndeye ultrasound.    2. Iyo yegoridhe chiyero chekuongororwa kweanowanikwa tumors itsvo komputatomography nemusiyano. Yakatungamirwa tomography inopa mufananidzo wakakwana wechinzvimbo che tumor, kukura kwayo, nhanho yekiriniki uye kukura kwe tumorume mumitezo yepedyo.   3. A urinalysis inoratidza kuvapo kwekusachena kweropa mumhino.   4. Kuongororwa ropa kunokubvumidza kuti uone zvisina kujeka zviratidzo zvechirwere: anemia, yakakwirira manhamba ealkaline phosphatase, urea muropa, nezvimwewo.   5. MRI yekuongororwa kwematumbu eitsvo anoshandiswa kushoma kazhinji kupfuura CT, chiratidzo chikuru chekuita MRI kukanganisa kuita CT.   6. A biopsy yemapundu etsvo inoitirwa kusimbisa chirwere ichi.uye kusarudza imwezve nzira yekurapa. Nehurombo, mune dzimwe nguva, biopsy yehosha yeitsvo haisi-inopinda, nekuda kweichi, chidzidzo ichi chaitwa zvino kashoma.  7. Kuti uone metastases mumapapu nemapfupa ematehwe, chest x-ray uye osteoscintigraphy anoshandiswa.  8. Renal angiography - kuongororwa kweX-ray kune mumiririri akasiyana.Zvichienderana nezviratidziro zvegomarara re itsvo, mamiriro emurwere uye nemhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwekutanga, chiremba anosarudza dzimwe nzira dzekuti aongorore chirwere chegomarara re itsvo kuti iite mufananidzo wakanyanya.Matanho ekenza yemenoKune mana matanho ekenza yemazino ane hunhu hwakasiyana siyananullkana bundu rinopararira kune renal vein / vena cava.     4. Itsvo kenza yemazamu grade 4. Bundu rinosuka muchetura weitsvo.Kurapa kenza yeitsvoKurapa kenza yeitsvo kunoenderana nenzira dzinoverengeka dzinogamuchirwa dzinoshandiswa mumwe nemumwe kana zvakazara. Chiremba arikupinda, zvichienderana nerudzi rwe bundu, nhanho yekiriniki yezera remurwere uye hutano hwakanaka, zvinopesana zviripo nezvimwe zvinhu, anogona kutendeukira kunzira dzakasiyana siyana dzokurapwa. Nzira inoshanda yekurapa chirwere chegomarara ndeyekuvhiya bundu. Radical nephrectomy ndiko kubviswa kwakakwana kweuyo akanganisa itsvo, kazhinji pamwe chete neyezvinotenderera perirenal tishu, lymph node, uye dzimwe nguvaadrenal gland. Kana ukuru hwe bundu risingapfuuri 7 cm, kusarudzika kwetsvo kunoitwa. Pamwe chete neyechinyakare nzira, umo kubviswa kwe itsvo kana rese rese kwaro kuitwa kuburikidza hombe incision, pane laparoscopic imwe. Muchiitiko ichi, bundu rinobviswa kana kuiswazve uchishandisa zviridzwa zvakaiswa mukati mehudumbu kuburikidza nepadiki (2 cm) nzira laparoscopic inosanganiswa neyekudzikira kwekumanikidza. Mukuwedzera, kugadzirisa kwevarwere kunokurumidza. Imwe nzira yekurapa kweanodzora itsvo ndeye cryoablation. Iko kukosha kwenzira ndeyokusunungura bundu nerubatsiro rweyakakosha kiropidhi yakaiswa mukati mebundu. Tumorkuiswa kune imwezve kufungisa uye thawing, iyo pakupedzisira inotungamira kurufu rwekenza maseru. Iyi nzira ndiyo inoshungurudza murwere uye inoratidzwa kana kuvhiyiwa kusingaite, tumor reitsvo mbiri uye bundu reitsvo imwechete. Kurapa kwezvinodhaka (chemotherapy, hormone therapy kana immunotherapy) inodomwa kana chirwere chechipfuva chechipfuo chaonekwa (nhanho 4), kana kuvhiyiwa hakugoneki.Dziviriro Chemukenza KenzaKuti udzivise kenza yemeno, zvakakosha kurega kuputa, kudzora uremu uye kudya zvine hutano (zvine predominance yemichero nemiriwo). Saka, mararamiro ane hutano ndiyo nzira huru yekudzivirira chirwere ichi.

nullvhoriyamu yekukuvara kweiyo larynx. Hoarseness yezwi chiratidzo chekutanga kana iyo carcinoma iri panzvimbo yemazwi emadziro, asi inoonekwa mumatanho anotevera kana achiwanikwa munzvimbo dze supraclad uye subclad zvikamu. Varwere vane sublingual cancer vanowanzove nemhepo kuvhiringidzika uye hoarseness chiratidzo chakajairika mumatanho anotevera. Varwere vane pamusoro-ligamentous cancer inowanzove ne dysphagia; zvimwe zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi kuvharika kwemhepo, otalgia, kukura kwechipundu mumutsipa, inzwi rakanzwika. Varwere vane zviratidzo izvi vanofanirwa kutumirwa nekukurumidza kune isina kunanga laryngoscopy.KuongororaLaryngoscopyKuvhiya endoscopy uyenullnullEndoscopic laser resection uye radiation kurapwa, sekutonga, tendera iwe kuti uchengetedze izwi revarwere. Iko kushandiswa kwekurapa kenza ye laryngeal cancer mumatanho ekutanga ekuvhiya kana radiation kurapwa, sekutonga, zvinoenderana nezvido zvevanachiremba vechipatara chekurapa uye murwere.Mune iwo matanho anotevera enzwi renzira carcinoma, iwo asina simba kana kubatanidzwa mukuita kwerimi; varwere vanoratidzwa chemotherapy kana radiation kurapwa. Kana bundu remurwere rakapararira kupfuura larynx kana kuti rakapinda mu cartilage, laryngectomy inopa yakanyanya kunaka oncological mhedzisiro; laryngectomy inowanzo kuwanda, asi mune zvimwe zviitikoendoscopic laser resection ye tumor kana yakavhurika chikamu laryngectomy inogona kushandiswa. Yakawandisa laryngectomy inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mumamiriro akaoma kuponesa murwere; zvisinei, dzimwe nguva mumamiriro akadaro, endoscopic resection kana yakavhurika chikamu laryngectomy inogona kushandiswa.Mukutanga matanho e-carcinoma yeiyo supraclavicular larynx, radiation kurapwa kana chikamu chidimbu chehoroma chiri kushanda. Iko kushandiswa kwe laser resection mumatanho ekutanga e squamous cell carcinoma yakaratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka. Kana iyo carcinoma ikaramba ichikura, asi isingakanganisi tambo dzezwi chaidzo, ipapo chikamu chemumhino chakasarudzika chinogona kuitwa kuchengetedza izwi uyesphincter ye glottis. Kana murwere ainewo tambo dzinonzwika, laryngectomy pamusoro peiyo cricoid cartilage kana yakazara laryngectomy inodikanwa, kana zvichinge zvafungwa kuita kurapwa kwekuvhiya. Sezvineiwo nenyaya ye laryngocarcinoma, kazhinji nhanho dzinofambira mberi dzegomarara repamusoro rakatanga kurapwa chemotherapy uye neradiation kurapa. Iyo ligamentous mudunhu ine akapfuma lymphatic network, nekudaro, kutarisisa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kupihwa kunharaunda yemutsipa mune varwere vese vane ligamentous cancer.Iine carcinoma yeiyo yakadzika pharynx, kurapwa kwakangofanana nekenza yecarynx. Mumatanho ekutanga, kukuvara kunowanzo kurapwa cheteradiation kurapwa, kana endoscopic resection seimwe nzira. Nekudaro, mune vazhinji varwere vane submaryngeal cancer, kufambira mberi kunosanganisirwa ne asymptomatic chimiro chechirwere uye chinowanzoitika munharaunda kupararira kuburikidza nelimphhatic system; varwere vakadaro vanorapwa zvakanyanya ne chemotherapy uye radiation therapy, uye nekukurumidza - zvinoenderana nezvinokosha zviratidzo.KugadzirisaKugadzirisa kunogona kudikanwa mushure mekurapa kwese kurapwa. Kazhinji, zvinetso zvakakomba zvinomuka nehurongwa hwekumedza chikafu mushure mekemotherapy kana radiation kurapwa, izvo zvinogona kuda kudzikiswa kweesophagus, mune zvakanyanya kurwara - mapurasitiki e pharynx kana kuiswa kwegastrostomy. Munguva yekuvhiyakupindira kunogona zvakare kukanganisa nzira yekumedza, uye kurapwa kunogona kudikanwa, kusanganisira kuwedzera nzira yekumedza.Kuvhiya, kune rumwe rutivi, kunokanganisa kutaura kwakanyanya. Mushure mekuzara laryngectomy, murwere anofanira kugadzira izwi idzva na:    Esophageal izwi    Esophageal tracheal puncture    E-pahuro (electropharynx)Nese maitiro matatu, kutaura kunoumbwa nekudyidzana kwe pharynx, nyoro, rimi, meno nemiromo.Hwaro hwekuumbwa kwe "esophageal izwi" (pseudo-izwi) ndiko kugadzirwa kwepseudo-izwi pengo mune esophagus uye kukura kwayokuvharwa kwekupokana.Ne tracheoesophageal fistula, vharuvhu inoiswa pakati peiyo trachea uye esophagus kuitira kuti iwedzere kufonerwa. Iko vhezheni inobatsira kupomha mweya mukati meesophagus panguva yekurudziro chiito. Varwere vanozobatsirwa pakugadziriswa kwemuviri, makosi pakubata kwekutaura, vanodzidziswa mitemo yekurapa fistula, uye vese varwere vanonyeverwa nezve njodzi yekuishuvira kwechikafu nemvura.Iyo larynx yemagetsi chishandiso-chinoshandiswa nebhatiri chiri pamusoro pemutsipa. Pasinei nekusanzwisisika kunogadzirwa nekusabatana kwemagariro kana kuchinge kupfekedzwa varwere vazhinji, zviri nyore kubata uye hazvidi kudzidziswa kwakakosha.

Mushure mekunge murwere awanikwa aine kenza inorapa uye abatwa, anoendeswa kucological consultation. Uku kutaurirana nachiremba panguva iyo chirongwa chekurapa chichakurukurwa.Mushure mekunge murwere awanikwa aine kenza inorapa uye abatwa, anoendeswa kucological consultation. Uku kutaurirana nachiremba panguva iyo chirongwa chekurapa chichakurukurwa. Nyanzvi oncologist anozvibata. Iye achakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezvechirwere chako uye nemabatirwo ayo. Nguva yakareba, mhedzisiro, mhinduro dzinotarisirwa, uye zvaunotarisira. Nomuzvarirwo, iwe unogona kubvunza iyo oncologist mibvunzo yako yose.Munguva yekurapa, iwe unobvunzawo wako oncologist, uyo anoongorora kufambira mberi kwekurapa.Yakakurudzirwa    Kenza

nullvazviratidze mumatanho ekutanga echirwere (kunze kwekutenderera).Zvinhu zvakakosha panjodzi zvinosanganisira:     zera repamberi - sekutonga, chirwere chinokura muvakadzi mushure mekuenda kumwedzi, vane makore makumi mashanu kusvika makumi matanhatu (makumi masere pamatanho gumi);      vakadzi vane kutanga kwekuenda kumwedzi (kusvika pamakore gumi nemaviri) uye kunonoka kuenda kumwedzi (mushure memakore makumi mashanu nemashanu);      kuputa      kufutisa      kutora zvinodhaka zvekusabereka uye hormone kutsiva kurapa;      polycystic;      endometriosis (kusapindirana kwakawedzera kwechikonzero chomukati chechibereko);herederal factor (genetic predisposition) - kuvapo kwehama dzepedyo dze ovarian, zamu, kana colorectal cancer.Vakadzi vasina vana uye vasina kumboyamwisa vane njodzi zvakare.Matanga uye mhando dzekenza yemazayaKune mana matanho:    Padanho 1, lesion inowanikwa mune imwe kana ese mairi mazai. Iyo inopfuurira ndeyechokwadi, kurapa kwakanaka, varwere vazhinji vanoenda mukuregererwa kwakasimba vasingadzose chirwere.    Panhanho yechipiri, iyo neoplasm inopararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dze pelvic cavity. Kazhinji, uye panguva ino, fungidziro iyi yakanaka, zvichienderana nehuwandu mumakore mashanu ezerenullzvinoenderana nehukuru hwehosha:    kirasi A (kuderera kwakashata) - bundu rinokura zvishoma, maseru ane madiki anomalies (akasarudzika kwazvo);     kirasi B (zvine mwero malignancy) - inonyanya kutaurwa morphological shanduko mumatumbu masero zvichienzaniswa zvikuru yakasiyaniswa;     kirasi C (yakanyanya kudzvinyirira) - bundu rinokurumidza kukura, mashure-egiredhi maseru.Ovarian Kenza KurapaMusanganiswa kurapa unowanzobatanidza kusangana kweiyo nzira yekuvhiya (kuvhiya) uye chemotherapy.KuvhiyaSemutemo, panguva yekuvhiyiwa kweganda remuvhiya, nhengo dzese mbiri dzakabatanidzwa, iyo fallopian machubhu uye chiberekero, lymph node dziri pedyo uye mitezo yeadipose tishu mumudumbu mucity inobviswa,kune iyo kenza yakapararira.Kana mukadzi mudiki achigona kuona chirwere pakutanga, (panhanho 1), mune dzimwe nguva kupindira kwekuvhiya kunoitwa nekubvisa ovary ne fallopian tube kune rimwe divi. Mukuwedzera kune chokwadi chekuti chinzvimbo chekurapa pakurapa mune ichi chiitiko, izvi zvinokutendera kuti uchengete tariro yemimba.Kuti uderedze kushungurudzika uye mikana yekunetseka, pamwe nezvinangwa zvekurongedza, kuvhiyiwa kwegomarara remazamu kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa iyo Robot da Vinci yakangwara robhoti system.ChemotherapyChemotherapy yekenza yecancer inowanzotemwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa sechikamu chekurapa kwakaomarara. Zvinodhaka zvinowanzotumirwakupinda mutsinga kana zvakananga mudumbu, inosanganisirwa nzira idzi dzinoshandiswawo.Mumatanho anotevera, chemotherapy inogona kusarudzwa senzira huru yekurapa.Radiation kurapwaMune zviitiko zvisingawanzoitika (nekurwadziwa kwakanyanya, kubuda ropa kubva pachibundu), radiation yekunze yekurapa kana brachytherapy (yekumonana neradiation) inosanganisirwa mune yekurapa regimen yekenza yemazamu.Kupora mushure mekurapwaNenzira yakajairika yekudzoreredza, kupora zvakakwana mushure mekurapa kenza ye ovari mune vakadzi kunotora kusvika kumavhiki matanhatu. Kana chiberekera chakabviswa, mukati memavhiki matatu - mashanu zvakakodzera kuti ubve pabonde. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mahormone uye vitamini D.

Kenza yeganda idambudziko rakanyanya. Munyika, Australia, New Zealand uye USA vanotungamira muhuwandu hwezviitiko zvitsva zve melanoma zvakashumwa pagore. MuRussia, sedzimwe nzvimbo munyika, huwandu hwehupfumi huri kukura.Maererano neWorld Health Organisation, zviitiko zvitsva 132,000 zvitsva zve melanoma zvinonzi zvinoraswa gore rega rega. Vazhinji varwere vanhu vakwegura, mushure memakore makumi mashanu nhamba yevanorwara varwere yakawedzera kaviri kupfuura vakadzi. Asi mujaya nemhandara, cancer yeganda inokura kazhinji. Maererano nenyanzvi dzezvirwere zvechirwere, izviKenza muRussia ndeyechipiri kune kenza yemapapu, cancer uye mazamu cancer. Mune mamwe mazwi, izvi hazvisi pamusoro peimwe chirwere chinoshamisa, asi nezvekutyisidzira chaiko kune hutano.Mhando dzeganda oncologyZvakajairika ganda ganda zvinosanganisira:Basal cell carcinoma - bundu iri rinoonekwa muzvirwere zvinomwe zvegomarara reganda kubva pagumi. Basalioma inoita senge nodule kana banga reblue-brown kana ruvara rwepink, inowanzoonekwa pachiso. Neoplasm inogona dzimwe nguva kurira, kukuvara kana kubuda ropa - zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera muhukuru,pasina kukonzera munhu kuratidza kusagadzikana, ndosaka kushanya kwachiremba kunogona kunonoka. Neraki, ichi bundu hariwanzopararira mumuviri wese (inopa metastases), saka, iyo prognosis yevarwere inowanzo farirwa.Squamous cell carcinoma yeganda (squamous cell carcinoma) inowanzo fanika mushwa mune chimiro: muviri unotenderera uine gumbo rakatetepa. Bundu iri rakafanana newadhi: kazhinji inowanikwa pamusoro pechiso, mudunhu remuromo wakadzika. Mune mamwe marudzi e squamous cell carcinoma, neoplasm inogona kucherechedzwa chete nekushandurwa kweruvara rweganda: munharaunda yepfungwa.Anotaridzika kana kuti ari kurwadziwa. Mumatanho anotevera, carcinoma inotungamira pakuumbwa kwemastastases uye dzimwe nguva isingarapike.Melanoma imhando ine ngozi kwazvo bundu iro rinokonzera kufa kwakawanda kukenza yeganda. Iyo inokura kazhinji kubva kumahombera - kuunganidzwa kwemasero e pigment, melanocyte, asi kwete chete: melanoma inogona zvakare kukanganisa iyo retina, mucous membranes (muromo mucity, vagina, rectum). Iyi neoplasm inoonekwa nekukura nekukurumidza uye inokonzeresa kuumbwa kwemasideti mazhinji ari kure - mumapfupa, pfungwa, mapapu, chiropa. Kunyangenekurapwa kwenguva, varwere vane melanoma vanowanzo vadzokorora - yakadzokororwa tumor kukura mushure memakore akati wandei.Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzakakosha dzekurwisa cancer yeganda.Kuvhiya ndiyo nzira inodhura yekubvisa bundu. Iko kushanda kukuru kwekuvhiya kunoonekwa mumatanho ekutanga, apo iyo neoplasm haina kukanganisa lymph node uye dzimwe nhengo uye nhengo. Mushure mekubvisa bundu, chiremba anovhiya anoita cauterization (electrocoagulation) pamwe neyepatreti (therapyttage) yeganda repasirose kuti iparadze maseru ekenza masero. Sezvo gomarara reganda rinowanzo kukura pachiso, pane kupindira kwakapfava,izvo zvinoderedza urema hwekuremara. Izvi zvinosanganisira cryodestruction, mune iro bundu rakaomeswa neyetsijeni nitrogen uye rinobviswa pasina kukuvara kwakasimba kwetoni. Nekudaro, izvo zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti mune zviitiko zvine hukasha marudzi ekenza - squamous cell carcinoma uye melanoma - hazvibviri kuita sarudzo uchifarira hushoma hwekuvhiyiwa. Kuvhiya micrographic, senzira ye MOHS (Mohsa), inonzi ndiyo yakachengeteka uye yakanyanyisa nzira yemazuva ano yekupindira kwegomarara reganda. Nayo, ganda rine tumor cell rinobviswa mumatafura, pasi pekutonga kwe microscope, uye rimwe nerimwe danga rakananga mukatipanguva yekuvhiya inotumirwa kuti iongororwe zvakare kuchipatara. Chiremba anovhiya anomisa kupindira panguva imwe chete apo histologists inosimbisa kuti ronda harina maseru ane huturu.Radiotherapy inoshandiswa sechienzanisiro kune nzira yekuvhiya. Radiation inokuvadza maseru anofarira kukurumidza kukura, saka, mirayiridzo yakatemerwa ionizing radiation inogona kuderedza hukuru hwebundu, pamwe nekuparadza iwo maseru anotyisa akararama mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Nguva yenguva ye radiotherapy zvikamu uye radiation dheti ndeye munhu kumurwere wega wega.Chemotherapy yakarongeka uye yemuno. Nekugadzwa kwemaitiro aya, cytotoxic (inokuvadza kunamasero) kemikari inoiswa mutserendende kana kuiswa zvakananga ku tumor. Maitiro akadaro akakosha zvakanyanya pakuzivisa metastases kana iyo chinangwa chegomarara chiri kunze kwekusvika kwevanachiremba.Photodynamic kurapwa kunosanganisira kuparadzwa kwe bundu ne laser beam mushure yekutanga photosensitization (kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekunzwa kwemasero kujekesa). Iyi nzira iri nyowani, uye kushandiswa kwayo pasina kuvhiya kunoitwa pakukurukurirana. Nekudaro, kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji kunopa chokwadi chekuti Photodynamic Therapy iri kuiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mune tsika yekiriniki yemasangano ekurapa.Kugwinya uye kurapwa kwakatemerwa - hunyanzvi uye hwakavimbika nzira dzinobatanidza dzakanangwa kutarisana.tumor nekusimudzira immune system kana kuiswa kwemishonga yakagadzirwa zvakananga kune imwe mhando yekenza zvichibva pane yega genetic maitiro emurwere. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzine chokwadi chekuti nekufamba kwenguva nzvimbo ino iri oncology ichatsiva dzimwe dzese nzira dzekurapa neoplasms, asi kusvika pari zvino, hutachiona hwekuzvidzivirira uye hwekutarisirwa hunoshandiswa mukubatana nemamwe maitiro uye nekudzivirira kwekudzoka.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Ongorora:Liposuction inzira yekuvhiya kubvisa mafuta pasi peganda. Maitiro anoitwa uchishandisa rakamanikana aspirator. Ultrasound inoshandiswa kuputsa mafuta mune mimwe michina. Liposuction inoshandiswa pane akasiyana masumbu emuviri, kusanganisira dumbu, chiuno, zasi gumbo, maoko, mabote, musana, mutsipa uye kumeso. Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: Vhiki 1Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yakakanganisika uye huwandu hwemafuta akabviswa, liposuction inogona kutorwa sekunyorova kana kushanda kwakasimba.

Ongorora:Ruoko ganda kusimbisa, inonziwo brachioplasty, inzira yekuvhiya yekushandura chimiro chemaoko uye kuvapa elasticity. Chiremba anovhiya anogona kushandisa liposuction kuti abvise akawandisa mafuta uye ganda, pamwe nekusimbisa imwe yakasara yeganda.Kunyangwe akawanda makiriniki achipa nzira isingavapindike, mukuvhiyiwa kwechinyakare, chiremba anovhiya anoita chiitiko paruoko kubva pane yakakwira kusvika kumugumo. Sezvo mune iyi kesi vanga rinogara riri mukati me ruoko, kazhinji harisi kuoneka. Kunyange zvakadaro, iyo mibayiro yekushanda yakadaro inofanirwa kuyerwa kana ichienzaniswa nemhedzisiro yayo, kunyanya mavanga. Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: Vhiki 1Dzimwe nguva murwere anofanirwa kunge ari muchipatara kusvika maiti abviswa. Uyu mubvunzo unofanirwa kujekeswa nachiremba anovhiya. Kufamba kwemhepo kuenda kumba kunogoneka mumazuva manomwe.

Ongorora:Kusimudza Muviri - mubatanidzwa wezvirongwa zvekuvhiya kuti uvandudze kutaridzika kwemuviri wemurwere nekubvisa zvakawandisa uye kushushikana kweganda rasara. Izvi zvinobvisawo mafuta akawandisa pasi peganda uye, kana zvichidikanwa, cellulite.Kazhinji kazhinji, inosimbisa muviri wezasi, kusanganisira abdominoplasty (tummy tuck), uye chiuno nemabhureki. Kana uchisimudza muviri unokwanisa kuitwawo uye kumwe kushanda, sekusimudza chipfuva uye ganda remaoko. Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: 1 - Mavhiki maviriAsati abhururuka achienda kumba, chiremba anovhiya anofanira kuratidza kuti izvi zvinobvumidza mamiriro emurwere, pamwe nekutora matanho ese anofanirwa kudzivirira pakadzika vein thrombosis (DVT).