Oncology
Kurapa kenza yemazamu
Mutengo pachikumbiro
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Chinhu chekutanga icho varwere nemukadzi wese vanofanirwa kuziva nezvegomarara rezamu (sekuti, zvechokwadi, chero mhando yekenza): nhasi ichi hachisi mutsara, yekutanga nhanho yechirwere, yakakwira mikana yekukunda kenza zvachose. Uye kunyange mumatanho anotevera, kune mikana yakawanda uye yakawanda yekurwisa zvinobudirira chirwere ichi nekuda kwekuuya kwenzira dzemazuva ano dzekurapa (ona pasi apa).Ndiani ari panjodzi?
Kenza yemazamu chirwere chinoshungurudza neoplasm iyo inowanikwa mune imwechete mune gumi vakadzi. Kenza yemazamu inogona kucherechedzwa pazera ripi neripi, asi mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu, njodziKuumbwa kwemamoriyamu kwakapetwa kakapetwa kashanu kupfuura zera rino. Vanotsvaga vanoona zvinotevera zvinokonzera kukura kwechirwere.1) kuremerwa nhaka: kana hama, kunyanya padumbu revakadzi, vakawanikwa vaine kenza yemazamu, nhengo dzechikadzi, uye zvimwe zvirwere zvekurwara, ipapo njodzi yekurwara nekenza yemazamu inowedzera;2) kutanga kwekuenda kumwedzi (kusvika pamakore gumi nemaviri) uye kunonoka kwekuenda kumwedzi (mushure memakore makumi manomwe nemashanu);3) kusununguka kubereka, kunonoka kuberekwa kwekutanga (mushure memakore makumi matatu), kushomeka kwechibereko kana kuti kwenguva pfupi yekuyamwisa, yepashure yekumuka kwepashure;4) husina kujairika hupenyu hwepabonde;5) kukuvara kwemamary gland;6) kuongororwa kwe "dishormonalmammary gland hyperplasia ”;7) kufutisa;8) kudonhedzwa kwechibereko;9) hormone kutsiva kurapa.Zviratidzo zveCancer Cancer
Muchiitiko chekurapa, bundu riri mumamary gland mune akawanda mamiriro ezvinhu anoonekwa nemukadzi kana mukadzi, zvinoitikawo. Bundu rinogona kuwonekwa pakuongororwa nachiremba mammologist, gynecologist, chiremba wekuvhiya, kana kuve netsaona munguva yekuongorora.Zviratidzo zvipi zvinofanirwa kunyevera: Pamusoro pekunzwa dzidzo pazamu, mukadzi anogona kuona shanduko mumhapa: ulceration, retraction, seeging from the nipple. Iyi inguva yekukumbira chiremba pakarepo.
mune inotevera nhanho chiratidzokukura kushaya simba, kushomeka kwehutano, kukosora, kupfupika kwakanyanya kwekufema, kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunogona kuitika.Mabhachi eKenza Marapirwo
Kurapa kenza yemazamu kunoitwa mumatanho akati wandei uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana. Nhatu nzira huru dzinoshandiswa nhasi:Mushonga antitumor kurapwa.Kune akatiwandei marudzi ekurapa kwakadaro, anoti:* chemotherapy: mune ino kesi, zvinodhaka zvine chinangwa chekuparadzwa kwe tumor cell zvinoshandiswa;* kurapa kwehomoni, iko kuti, kushandiswa kwemishonga inodzvinyirira ihmori chiitiko chechipundu nemuviri;* Kurapwa kwakanangwa inzira itsva, nzira iyo mishonga yacho "yakapiswa" pane chinangwa chemasumbu tumor uye zvakanyanya kukanganisa hutanotishu yemunhu;* Immunotherapy ndiyo nzira itsva kwazvo, iyo nhasi pamakorinendi epasirese oncologists inonzi imwe yedzakanakisa nzira dzinokurudzira nzira dzekurwisa marudzi akasiyana ekenza. Iko kukosha kwe immunotherapy kuri mune chaiyo purogiramu yemaseru ekudzivirira emurwere. Nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwavo chaihwo, vanoshandura kuita chishandiso chine simba chinogona kuziva nekuparadza maseru ekenza chaizvo.Nekuongororwa kwegomarara remazamu, kurapwa kwekuvhiya uye radiation kurapwa kunoshandiswawo.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.
Esophageal kenza kurapa
Mutengo pachikumbiro
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nullmushonga uye neradiation kurapwa yakabatana kune kuvhiya. Kusarudzwa kwenzira inotungamira yekurapa inotsanangurwa nehukuru uye nenzvimbo yeiyo tumor, mamiriro emurwere uye zvirwere zvinosangana.Iine bundu diki kwazvo risingamere mucosa, mucosa chete ine pasi inouyaniswazve ne gastroscope, uye mhedzisiro yekurapa yakanaka kwazvo.Padanho I - II yekenza, chikamu cheesophagus chakabviswa, hurema hwakazadzwa nechikamu chedumbu kana kutihubhu hwakaumbwa kubva mudumbu. Nhasi zvinokwanisika kushandisa endoscopic zvishandiso pane izvi mashandiro.Nekupararira kwe bundu mukati memukati mesumbu uye zvakare, kuvhiya kunoitwa, asi izvinullDzimwe nguva chemoradiotherapy inoitwa nekusakwanira kuvhiyiwa kwakanyanya.
Chemotherapy inogona kuitwa kana kuvhiyiwa kusingaite, kana bundu racho rakanyanya, kana aine bundu diki, asi paine general contraindication yekuvhiya. Mune iyi sarudzo yekuchengetedza, kupona kunofanana nekurapa kwekuvhiya.
Mukuvapo kwe fistulas, chemoradiotherapy haigoneke. Chemotherapy inogona kuve yakaomeswa neye acute kuzvimba kwe mucous membrane yesophagus, iyo inoda chikafu kuburikidza ne anodonhedza.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.
Kurwara kenza kenza
Mutengo pachikumbiro
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Kenza yemapundu iri kusvika kune imwe yeanowanzoitika marudzi ekukuvadza neoplasms. Paavhareji, kune makumi mana emapapu vanorwara nekenza pamunhu zviuru zana, uyezve, varume vanoonekwa vaine chirwere ichi kakapetwa kagumi kupfuura vanhukadzi, uye chikamu chevagari vemumaguta mune zvese zviitiko chakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura vanhu vemusha. Nekudaro, mushonga wemazuva ano une simba rekurongedza kurapa rudzi urwu rwe oncology: nekuwana nguva yekubatsira, inonyanya mukana kwete kungomisa kukura kwechirwere, asi zvakare kukanganwa nezvazvo zvachose.Kenzalung: chirwere chechirwere uye prognosis yekurapaVanosvika mamirioni mashanu vanofa nekenza yemapapu gore rega rega munyika. Rudzi rwekenza urwu runonzi zvakare bronchogenic carcinoma, kana bronchogenic cancer. Bundu rinokura kubva kueficliary epithelium ye mucous membrane ye bronchi, alveoli uye epithelium yebronchial gland. Kunyangwe chokwadi chekuti etiology yechirwere ichi ichiri kujekesa, zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuvapo kwayo zvinosanganisira: kuputa; kuratidzwa kwe radon uye mamwe makatuni (asbestos mineral ndiyo ine ngozi kumapapu); mamwe marudzi ehutachiona; kuwedzera kusungwa kwevhu guruva mumhepo. Pathogeneis yekenza yemapapu panenullnullmapapu.Stage 1 yemapapu kenza inoonekwa ne bundu kusvika pakureba kwemasendimita matatu, isati yatomboita metastasize. Iyo neoplasm inowanikwa muchikamu chimwe chepapu kana mukati mechikamu chebronchus.Nhanho yechipiri - bundu rinosvika pamasendimita matanhatu riri muchikamu chimwe chepapu kana mukati mechikamu chebronchus. Imwe metastases mune pulmonary uye bronchopulmonary lymph node inoonekwa.Nhanho 3 - bundu rakakura kupfuura 6 cm richichinja kuenda padyo nepamuromo pekupfira kana kumera kweanogarisana nebronchus kana main bronchus. Metastases inowanikwa mune bifurcation, tracheobronchial, paratracheal lymph node.4nhanho yekenza yemapapu inoratidzirwa ne metastases mune kure masisitimu uye nhengo, pleurisy uye / kana pericarditis inobatana. Kugadziriswa uku kunoshanda chete kune squamous cell carcinoma. Panyaya yekenza diki yegomarara, inokura nekukurumidza, zviyero zviviri chete ndizvo zvinosiyaniswa. Yekutanga - danho risingapfuure - inoperekedzwa nekusvikirwa kwemasero pathogenic mune rimwe mapapu uye padyo netishu. Muchikamu chechipiri, bundu racho rinosangana nenzvimbo iri kunze kwemapapu uye kune nhengo dziri kure.Lung kenza kurapwaKuongororwa kwakanaka kwepulmonary oncology kwakanyanya kukosha, nekuti kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekurapa kwakanaka kunoenderana nazvo. Nzira huru dzirikuvhiya kupindira, chemo neradiation kurapa. Nekuda kwekuvandudza kwekurumidza kwehunyanzvi hwekurapa, nzira idzi dziri kuve dzakachengeteka uye dzichibudirira.1. Kurapa kwekuvhiya kunoshandiswa squamous cell carcinoma. Munguva yekuvhiya, bundu rese re cancer rinorwara kana chikamu charo chakaparurwa chakabviswa. Kukura kwehutu kubviswa kunoenderana nechimiro che tumor nenzvimbo yacho. Ikozvino maitiro ekurapa kwegomarara remapapu ndiko kushandiswa kwenzira dzisingapindike, dzinogadzirwa uchishandisa miniature vhidhiyo kamera. Iyi nzira inonzi Vhidhiyo-Yakabatsira Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS). Kuita kwakadaro kunofambidzana nemarwadzo asingatauriki, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa mushure mavo anoenderera nekukurumidza.2. Chemotherapy- Kurapa kukuru kwevarwere vazhinji vane kenza yemapapu. Hwaro hwayo huri mukutora mishonga inoparadza cancer maseru.3. Yakatarisana (yakanangwa) kurapa kwegomarara remapapu. Mishonga yakadaro inocherekedza maseru ane humwe hunhu hwayo ndokudziparadza, zvichikanganisa mabasa akakosha (kukura, kupatsanura). Uye zvakare, zvinodhaka zvakadaro zvinokanganisa kuwanikwa kweropa kune bundu. Chinangwa (chakanangwa) chekurapa chinogona kuve chakagadziriswa senzira yekuzvimirira yekurapa kana mukubatana ne chemotherapy kuitira kuti uwedzere kushanda kwekurapa.4. Immunological kurapwa kwegomarara remapapu inzira itsva uye inovimbisa kwazvo mukatikuchengetedza oncology. Kurapa kwakadaro kunokubvumira kuti uise masero esyako immune system kurwisa cancer cancer uye "target" inongobata tumor cell.5. Radiotherapy. Irradiation ye tumor neine danda rine simba re gamma rays, semhedzisiro iyo masero emukenza anofa (vanomisa kukura uye kubereka). Kutakurirwa neiri kure kana yakakwirira-nzira nzira. Nekurapa kweradiation kurapwa, zvose tumor pachayo uye matunhu ematunhuasis anoratidzwa neradiation. Radiation kurapwa inoshandiswawo kune diki cancer kenza.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.
Acute leukemia kurapa
Mutengo pachikumbiro
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, iyo inopfupikiswa seZESE (nemavara ekutanga echirwere), uye dzimwe nguva iwe unogona kuwana zita acute lymphocytic leukemia - chirwere chinorwadza che hematopoietic system. Chirwere chinotanga mumongo wefupa. Mongo yedu yemapfupa fekitari yemasero eropa akasiyana. Kana marongo epfupa achinge arwara, zvino fekitori iyi, panzvimbo yeiya ine hutano (vanachiremba vanotaura nezvemasero akura), anotanga kuburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemasero machena eropa.Kana munhu asingarwari, ipapo masero ese eropa anokura uye akagadziridzwa zvakaringana, zvese zvinoitika nenzira ine hukama. Masero eropa anokura zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kuita kwekutenderera kwacho kwakaoma kunzwisisa. Asi riinhimwana anorwara neacute lymphoblastic leukemia, i.e.ZVese, maitiro ekumashure anotsemuka zvachose.Masero machena eropa, kureva kuti masero eropa machena, anongoerekana arega kukura zvakakwana uye haakure kuva maseru anoshanda akazara. Panzvimbo iyoyo, ivo vanotanga kukurumidza uye vasingadzoreki kugovera. Basa rehematopoietic system riri kuwedzera kushaikwa zvakanaka: maseru anorwara anodzora vane hutano uye anotora nzvimbo yawo mumongo. Mwana anorwara anoshaya masero eropa machena, masero eropa tsvuku (masero matsvuku eropa), kana maplatelet eropa (maplatelet).Ndokusaka vana vachigona kutanga anemia (anemia), akasiyana siyana kutapurirana (kutapukira), uye kazhinji kubuda ropa. Uye izviizvo zviratidzo zvekutanga izvo zvinogona kutaura pamusoro peakachemia leukemia mumwana. Asi chirwere pachacho, ZVESE, kubva pakutanga chaipo hachipo mune chero chikamu chemuviri. Kubva pamutsipa wemapfupa, unopinda mukati meropa, uchipinda mumukati medumbu (lymphatic system) uye mune dzimwe nhengo dzese. Basa rehurongwa hwese hwemitumbi, kureva iyo muviri wese, rinotanga kukanganiswa. Ndokusaka ZVESE, sedzimwe mhando dzese dzemukaka, inonzi chinonzi systemic malignant chirwere, kureva kuti chirwere chinoparadza muviri wese sehurongwa.ZVESE zvinopararira mumuviri wese nekukurumidza. Pasina kurapwa, leukemia masero anokamukira kwese kwese, kwetezvipingamupinyi zvekusangana. Nhengo idzo dzavakazorega kushanda zvakajairika uye hosha nyowani dzinotanga mavari. Kana leukemia isina kurapwa, ipapo kufa kunoitika mumwedzi mishoma.Siya chikumbiro chemahara pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzinozokubata uye kukubatsira kuti usarudze kiriniki yakanyanya kunaka maererano nenyaya yako. Iyo kurapwa regimen yeakakonzera chirwere chemukaka zvinoenderana nezera uye mamiriro emurwere, mhando uye nhanho yekuvandudzwa kwechirwere, uye inogara ichiverengerwa mumwe nemumwe pachiitiko chega chega.Kune maviri epamusoro maitiro ekurapa kweakakonzera chirwere chemukaka - chemotherapy uye kurapwa kwekuvhiya - pfupa marongo transplantation.Chemotherapy inoumbwa nenhanho mbiri dzakateerana:• Chinangwa chechikamu chekutanga ndechekuwaniswa kwekuregererwa. Ne chemotherapy, oncologists inowana kuderera kwezinga remasero ekuputika• Nhanho yekubatanidza yakakodzera kuparadza maseru ekenza asara• Kudzoserwa zvakare, sekutonga, kudzokorora chose chiitiko (zvinodhaka, dosages, frequency yekutonga• Mukuwedzera kune chemotherapeutic zvinodhaka, cytostatics iripo mune yakajairika kurapwa regimen.Maererano nehuwandu, iyo nguva yakakwana yekurapa chemotherapy kurapa kwemaukemia anenge makore maviri.Chemotherapy inosanganiswa ne cytostatics irinzira yehasha yekuratidzira, ichikonzera huwandu hwemigumisiro (kusvotwa, kurutsa, hutano husina kunaka, kupera kwebvudzi, nezvimwewo). Kuti kuderedze mamiriro emurwere, kurapwa kwecommonit kunorayirwa. Mukuwedzera, zvichienderana nemamiriro, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, detoxification vamiriri, maplatelet uye erythrocyte huwandu, uye kuwedzerwa ropa kunogona kukurudzirwa.Bone marongo transplantationKuwedzerwa kwemapfupa kunopa murwere masutu ehunhu, ayo anozova madzitateguru emaseru eropa.Icho chinonyanya kukosha mamiriro ekutapurirana ndiko kuregererwa kwakazara kwechirwere. Izvo zvakakosha kuti marongo epfupa akacheneswa kubva pakuputika masero anozadzwa nemasero ane hutano.Kugadzirira murwere kuvhiyiwa,inokosha immunosuppressive kurapwa kunoitwa. Izvi zvakakosha kuti uparadze leukemia masero uye kudzvinyirira kuchengetedza kwemuviri kuti uderedze njodzi yekushandurwa kwekutapurwa.Contraindication kune mapfupa anotapudza:• Kuputsa kwekushanda kwe nhengo dzemukati• Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvinotapukira• Kutangazve kweanonyanya kukonzera leukemia, kwete kududzira mukuregererwa• chembereRega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.
Cervical cancer kurapa
Mutengo pachikumbiro
$
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Paavhareji, shanduko kubva ku precancer kuva kenza inorwara inotora kubva pamakore maviri kusvika gumi nemashanu. Iyo inotevera inoshanduka kubva pachikamu chekutanga chegomarara kune yekupedzisira inotora makore 1-2.Cervical cancer idumbu rinokuvadza, iro maererano nehuwandu hwekurapa pakati pezvirwere zvecancer zvinowanikwa muhupombwe, zvinotora nzvimbo yechina (mushure megomarara remudumbu, ganda uye mammary gland).Kunobva kenza yemuchibereko maseru akajairika anovharira cervix. Anodarika zviuru mazana matanhatu ezviuru izvi zvinoonekwa gore rimwe nerimwe.varwere. Kunyangwe chirwere checancer checervical chinowanzoitika pakati pemakore makumi mana-60, asi, zvinosuruvarisa, nguva pfupi yadarika kuva idiki kwazvo.Kurapa kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko kunosanganisirwa uye kunosanganisira kuvhiya, chemotherapy neradiation radiation. Panguva imwe neimwe, kurapwa kunorongwa mumwe nemumwe, zvinoenderana nedanho rechirwere, chirwere chinowoneka, mamiriro emuromo wechibereko, uye kuvapo kwezvirwere zvinozvimba panguva ino.Panguva yekuvhiya, bundu rinogona kubviswa nechikamu checervix, kubvisa bundu pamwecervix, uye dzimwe nguva nechizvaro pachayo. Kazhinji, kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa pamwe nekubviswa kwe lymph node ye pelvis (kana masero ekenza akagona kuzvijaira). Iyo nyaya yekubviswa kwe ovarian kazhinji inogadziriswa zvakasiyana (mumatanho ekutanga ekenza muvakadzi vadiki, ovary inogona kuchengetedzwa).Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kana zvichidikanwa, varwere vanopihwa radiation therapy. Kurapa ne ionizing radiation kunogona kuwedzeredza kurapwa kwekurapa, uye kunogona kuiswa zvakasiyana. Mukurapa kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko, chemotherapy, mishonga inokosha inomisa kukura inogona kushandiswa.uye kenza cell kupatsanurana. Nehurombo, mukana wekuti chemotherapy chirwere ichi ishoma.Kubudirira kwechirwere chegomarara remuchibereko kunoenderana nezera remurwere, chokwadi chekusarudzwa kwekurapa, uye, zvinonyanya kukosha, pakurasika kwechirwere. Kana chirwere chegomarara remuchibereko chaonekwa mudanho repamberi, chirwere chechipfuva chakanakisa uye chirwere chinogona kurapwa nemaitiro ekuvhiya chete.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.