Severance Hospital

Ongorora:Iyo echocardiogram (EchoCG) kuongororwa kwemoyo iyo, uchishandisa ultrasound mafungu, anogadzira mufananidzo- kana miviri-yemhando yemhando yemoyo. Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: 1 - 2 mazuvaKazhinji, varwere vanobva pakiriniki nekukurumidza mushure mekurapwa, kana urema hunoda kurapwa zvisati hwawanikwa.

Brachytherapy, inonziwo yemukati radiation therapy, inzira yekurapa kenza umo macapiritsi ane radioactive zvinhu anoiswa mumuviri. Iyi nzira yekurapa inodzora mhedzisiro ye radiation pane dzakatenderedza minwe uye nhengo, mukusiyana nekunze radiation, apo isiri chete bundu rinooneswa neradiation.Brachytherapy inoitwa mukutonga kwemakwenzi akakwira kana akaderera, apo ma radioisotopes anotumirwa kwenguva pfupi kana zvakapfuurira (mune yekupedzisira nyaya, zvinhu zvinoradio radio zvinorasikirwa nebasa ravo ivo pachavo). Rudzi rwekurapa runoshandiswa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekenza uye hunhu hwemurwere wega wega. Yakakura madhesi uye kusindimirwa zvachose kwezvemagetsi zvinoshandiswa, sekutonga, yekenza yeprostate.Yakakurudzirwa- Lung cancer - Kenza yeprostate - Kenza yemazamu - Esophageal cancer - Mukadzi wechikadzi gomarara - Colorectal cancer - Kenza yeganda

Paavhareji, shanduko kubva ku precancer kuva kenza inorwara inotora kubva pamakore maviri kusvika gumi nemashanu. Iyo inotevera inoshanduka kubva pachikamu chekutanga chegomarara kune yekupedzisira inotora makore 1-2.Cervical cancer idumbu rinokuvadza, iro maererano nehuwandu hwekurapa pakati pezvirwere zvecancer zvinowanikwa muhupombwe, zvinotora nzvimbo yechina (mushure megomarara remudumbu, ganda uye mammary gland).Kunobva kenza yemuchibereko maseru akajairika anovharira cervix. Anodarika zviuru mazana matanhatu ezviuru izvi zvinoonekwa gore rimwe nerimwe.varwere. Kunyangwe chirwere checancer checervical chinowanzoitika pakati pemakore makumi mana-60, asi, zvinosuruvarisa, nguva pfupi yadarika kuva idiki kwazvo.Kurapa kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko kunosanganisirwa uye kunosanganisira kuvhiya, chemotherapy neradiation radiation. Panguva imwe neimwe, kurapwa kunorongwa mumwe nemumwe, zvinoenderana nedanho rechirwere, chirwere chinowoneka, mamiriro emuromo wechibereko, uye kuvapo kwezvirwere zvinozvimba panguva ino.Panguva yekuvhiya, bundu rinogona kubviswa nechikamu checervix, kubvisa bundu pamwecervix, uye dzimwe nguva nechizvaro pachayo. Kazhinji, kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa pamwe nekubviswa kwe lymph node ye pelvis (kana masero ekenza akagona kuzvijaira). Iyo nyaya yekubviswa kwe ovarian kazhinji inogadziriswa zvakasiyana (mumatanho ekutanga ekenza muvakadzi vadiki, ovary inogona kuchengetedzwa).Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kana zvichidikanwa, varwere vanopihwa radiation therapy. Kurapa ne ionizing radiation kunogona kuwedzeredza kurapwa kwekurapa, uye kunogona kuiswa zvakasiyana. Mukurapa kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko, chemotherapy, mishonga inokosha inomisa kukura inogona kushandiswa.uye kenza cell kupatsanurana. Nehurombo, mukana wekuti chemotherapy chirwere ichi ishoma.Kubudirira kwechirwere chegomarara remuchibereko kunoenderana nezera remurwere, chokwadi chekusarudzwa kwekurapa, uye, zvinonyanya kukosha, pakurasika kwechirwere. Kana chirwere chegomarara remuchibereko chaonekwa mudanho repamberi, chirwere chechipfuva chakanakisa uye chirwere chinogona kurapwa nemaitiro ekuvhiya chete.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

CyberKnife kurapwa kusiri-kwekuvhiya kenza uye benign tumors. Nekubatsira kwesoftware uye vhidhiyo yekuongorora, tumors dzinoiswa munzvimbo dzakanyatsojeka sezvinobvira uye dzakanyatsodiridzwa zvakanyatsonaka nemadheti akakwira eredhiyo.

Mushure mekunge murwere awanikwa aine kenza inorapa uye abatwa, anoendeswa kucological consultation. Uku kutaurirana nachiremba panguva iyo chirongwa chekurapa chichakurukurwa.Mushure mekunge murwere awanikwa aine kenza inorapa uye abatwa, anoendeswa kucological consultation. Uku kutaurirana nachiremba panguva iyo chirongwa chekurapa chichakurukurwa. Nyanzvi oncologist anozvibata. Iye achakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezvechirwere chako uye nemabatirwo ayo. Nguva yakareba, mhedzisiro, mhinduro dzinotarisirwa, uye zvaunotarisira. Nomuzvarirwo, iwe unogona kubvunza iyo oncologist mibvunzo yako yose.Munguva yekurapa, iwe unobvunzawo wako oncologist, uyo anoongorora kufambira mberi kwekurapa.Yakakurudzirwa    Kenza

nullvazviratidze mumatanho ekutanga echirwere (kunze kwekutenderera).Zvinhu zvakakosha panjodzi zvinosanganisira:     zera repamberi - sekutonga, chirwere chinokura muvakadzi mushure mekuenda kumwedzi, vane makore makumi mashanu kusvika makumi matanhatu (makumi masere pamatanho gumi);      vakadzi vane kutanga kwekuenda kumwedzi (kusvika pamakore gumi nemaviri) uye kunonoka kuenda kumwedzi (mushure memakore makumi mashanu nemashanu);      kuputa      kufutisa      kutora zvinodhaka zvekusabereka uye hormone kutsiva kurapa;      polycystic;      endometriosis (kusapindirana kwakawedzera kwechikonzero chomukati chechibereko);herederal factor (genetic predisposition) - kuvapo kwehama dzepedyo dze ovarian, zamu, kana colorectal cancer.Vakadzi vasina vana uye vasina kumboyamwisa vane njodzi zvakare.Matanga uye mhando dzekenza yemazayaKune mana matanho:    Padanho 1, lesion inowanikwa mune imwe kana ese mairi mazai. Iyo inopfuurira ndeyechokwadi, kurapa kwakanaka, varwere vazhinji vanoenda mukuregererwa kwakasimba vasingadzose chirwere.    Panhanho yechipiri, iyo neoplasm inopararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dze pelvic cavity. Kazhinji, uye panguva ino, fungidziro iyi yakanaka, zvichienderana nehuwandu mumakore mashanu ezerenullzvinoenderana nehukuru hwehosha:    kirasi A (kuderera kwakashata) - bundu rinokura zvishoma, maseru ane madiki anomalies (akasarudzika kwazvo);     kirasi B (zvine mwero malignancy) - inonyanya kutaurwa morphological shanduko mumatumbu masero zvichienzaniswa zvikuru yakasiyaniswa;     kirasi C (yakanyanya kudzvinyirira) - bundu rinokurumidza kukura, mashure-egiredhi maseru.Ovarian Kenza KurapaMusanganiswa kurapa unowanzobatanidza kusangana kweiyo nzira yekuvhiya (kuvhiya) uye chemotherapy.KuvhiyaSemutemo, panguva yekuvhiyiwa kweganda remuvhiya, nhengo dzese mbiri dzakabatanidzwa, iyo fallopian machubhu uye chiberekero, lymph node dziri pedyo uye mitezo yeadipose tishu mumudumbu mucity inobviswa,kune iyo kenza yakapararira.Kana mukadzi mudiki achigona kuona chirwere pakutanga, (panhanho 1), mune dzimwe nguva kupindira kwekuvhiya kunoitwa nekubvisa ovary ne fallopian tube kune rimwe divi. Mukuwedzera kune chokwadi chekuti chinzvimbo chekurapa pakurapa mune ichi chiitiko, izvi zvinokutendera kuti uchengete tariro yemimba.Kuti uderedze kushungurudzika uye mikana yekunetseka, pamwe nezvinangwa zvekurongedza, kuvhiyiwa kwegomarara remazamu kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa iyo Robot da Vinci yakangwara robhoti system.ChemotherapyChemotherapy yekenza yecancer inowanzotemwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa sechikamu chekurapa kwakaomarara. Zvinodhaka zvinowanzotumirwakupinda mutsinga kana zvakananga mudumbu, inosanganisirwa nzira idzi dzinoshandiswawo.Mumatanho anotevera, chemotherapy inogona kusarudzwa senzira huru yekurapa.Radiation kurapwaMune zviitiko zvisingawanzoitika (nekurwadziwa kwakanyanya, kubuda ropa kubva pachibundu), radiation yekunze yekurapa kana brachytherapy (yekumonana neradiation) inosanganisirwa mune yekurapa regimen yekenza yemazamu.Kupora mushure mekurapwaNenzira yakajairika yekudzoreredza, kupora zvakakwana mushure mekurapa kenza ye ovari mune vakadzi kunotora kusvika kumavhiki matanhatu. Kana chiberekera chakabviswa, mukati memavhiki matatu - mashanu zvakakodzera kuti ubve pabonde. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mahormone uye vitamini D.

Kenza yeganda idambudziko rakanyanya. Munyika, Australia, New Zealand uye USA vanotungamira muhuwandu hwezviitiko zvitsva zve melanoma zvakashumwa pagore. MuRussia, sedzimwe nzvimbo munyika, huwandu hwehupfumi huri kukura.Maererano neWorld Health Organisation, zviitiko zvitsva 132,000 zvitsva zve melanoma zvinonzi zvinoraswa gore rega rega. Vazhinji varwere vanhu vakwegura, mushure memakore makumi mashanu nhamba yevanorwara varwere yakawedzera kaviri kupfuura vakadzi. Asi mujaya nemhandara, cancer yeganda inokura kazhinji. Maererano nenyanzvi dzezvirwere zvechirwere, izviKenza muRussia ndeyechipiri kune kenza yemapapu, cancer uye mazamu cancer. Mune mamwe mazwi, izvi hazvisi pamusoro peimwe chirwere chinoshamisa, asi nezvekutyisidzira chaiko kune hutano.Mhando dzeganda oncologyZvakajairika ganda ganda zvinosanganisira:Basal cell carcinoma - bundu iri rinoonekwa muzvirwere zvinomwe zvegomarara reganda kubva pagumi. Basalioma inoita senge nodule kana banga reblue-brown kana ruvara rwepink, inowanzoonekwa pachiso. Neoplasm inogona dzimwe nguva kurira, kukuvara kana kubuda ropa - zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera muhukuru,pasina kukonzera munhu kuratidza kusagadzikana, ndosaka kushanya kwachiremba kunogona kunonoka. Neraki, ichi bundu hariwanzopararira mumuviri wese (inopa metastases), saka, iyo prognosis yevarwere inowanzo farirwa.Squamous cell carcinoma yeganda (squamous cell carcinoma) inowanzo fanika mushwa mune chimiro: muviri unotenderera uine gumbo rakatetepa. Bundu iri rakafanana newadhi: kazhinji inowanikwa pamusoro pechiso, mudunhu remuromo wakadzika. Mune mamwe marudzi e squamous cell carcinoma, neoplasm inogona kucherechedzwa chete nekushandurwa kweruvara rweganda: munharaunda yepfungwa.Anotaridzika kana kuti ari kurwadziwa. Mumatanho anotevera, carcinoma inotungamira pakuumbwa kwemastastases uye dzimwe nguva isingarapike.Melanoma imhando ine ngozi kwazvo bundu iro rinokonzera kufa kwakawanda kukenza yeganda. Iyo inokura kazhinji kubva kumahombera - kuunganidzwa kwemasero e pigment, melanocyte, asi kwete chete: melanoma inogona zvakare kukanganisa iyo retina, mucous membranes (muromo mucity, vagina, rectum). Iyi neoplasm inoonekwa nekukura nekukurumidza uye inokonzeresa kuumbwa kwemasideti mazhinji ari kure - mumapfupa, pfungwa, mapapu, chiropa. Kunyangenekurapwa kwenguva, varwere vane melanoma vanowanzo vadzokorora - yakadzokororwa tumor kukura mushure memakore akati wandei.Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzakakosha dzekurwisa cancer yeganda.Kuvhiya ndiyo nzira inodhura yekubvisa bundu. Iko kushanda kukuru kwekuvhiya kunoonekwa mumatanho ekutanga, apo iyo neoplasm haina kukanganisa lymph node uye dzimwe nhengo uye nhengo. Mushure mekubvisa bundu, chiremba anovhiya anoita cauterization (electrocoagulation) pamwe neyepatreti (therapyttage) yeganda repasirose kuti iparadze maseru ekenza masero. Sezvo gomarara reganda rinowanzo kukura pachiso, pane kupindira kwakapfava,izvo zvinoderedza urema hwekuremara. Izvi zvinosanganisira cryodestruction, mune iro bundu rakaomeswa neyetsijeni nitrogen uye rinobviswa pasina kukuvara kwakasimba kwetoni. Nekudaro, izvo zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti mune zviitiko zvine hukasha marudzi ekenza - squamous cell carcinoma uye melanoma - hazvibviri kuita sarudzo uchifarira hushoma hwekuvhiyiwa. Kuvhiya micrographic, senzira ye MOHS (Mohsa), inonzi ndiyo yakachengeteka uye yakanyanyisa nzira yemazuva ano yekupindira kwegomarara reganda. Nayo, ganda rine tumor cell rinobviswa mumatafura, pasi pekutonga kwe microscope, uye rimwe nerimwe danga rakananga mukatipanguva yekuvhiya inotumirwa kuti iongororwe zvakare kuchipatara. Chiremba anovhiya anomisa kupindira panguva imwe chete apo histologists inosimbisa kuti ronda harina maseru ane huturu.Radiotherapy inoshandiswa sechienzanisiro kune nzira yekuvhiya. Radiation inokuvadza maseru anofarira kukurumidza kukura, saka, mirayiridzo yakatemerwa ionizing radiation inogona kuderedza hukuru hwebundu, pamwe nekuparadza iwo maseru anotyisa akararama mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Nguva yenguva ye radiotherapy zvikamu uye radiation dheti ndeye munhu kumurwere wega wega.Chemotherapy yakarongeka uye yemuno. Nekugadzwa kwemaitiro aya, cytotoxic (inokuvadza kunamasero) kemikari inoiswa mutserendende kana kuiswa zvakananga ku tumor. Maitiro akadaro akakosha zvakanyanya pakuzivisa metastases kana iyo chinangwa chegomarara chiri kunze kwekusvika kwevanachiremba.Photodynamic kurapwa kunosanganisira kuparadzwa kwe bundu ne laser beam mushure yekutanga photosensitization (kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekunzwa kwemasero kujekesa). Iyi nzira iri nyowani, uye kushandiswa kwayo pasina kuvhiya kunoitwa pakukurukurirana. Nekudaro, kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji kunopa chokwadi chekuti Photodynamic Therapy iri kuiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mune tsika yekiriniki yemasangano ekurapa.Kugwinya uye kurapwa kwakatemerwa - hunyanzvi uye hwakavimbika nzira dzinobatanidza dzakanangwa kutarisana.tumor nekusimudzira immune system kana kuiswa kwemishonga yakagadzirwa zvakananga kune imwe mhando yekenza zvichibva pane yega genetic maitiro emurwere. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzine chokwadi chekuti nekufamba kwenguva nzvimbo ino iri oncology ichatsiva dzimwe dzese nzira dzekurapa neoplasms, asi kusvika pari zvino, hutachiona hwekuzvidzivirira uye hwekutarisirwa hunoshandiswa mukubatana nemamwe maitiro uye nekudzivirira kwekudzoka.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

nullmushonga uye neradiation kurapwa yakabatana kune kuvhiya. Kusarudzwa kwenzira inotungamira yekurapa inotsanangurwa nehukuru uye nenzvimbo yeiyo tumor, mamiriro emurwere uye zvirwere zvinosangana.Iine bundu diki kwazvo risingamere mucosa, mucosa chete ine pasi inouyaniswazve ne gastroscope, uye mhedzisiro yekurapa yakanaka kwazvo.Padanho I - II yekenza, chikamu cheesophagus chakabviswa, hurema hwakazadzwa nechikamu chedumbu kana kutihubhu hwakaumbwa kubva mudumbu. Nhasi zvinokwanisika kushandisa endoscopic zvishandiso pane izvi mashandiro.Nekupararira kwe bundu mukati memukati mesumbu uye zvakare, kuvhiya kunoitwa, asi izvinullDzimwe nguva chemoradiotherapy inoitwa nekusakwanira kuvhiyiwa kwakanyanya. Chemotherapy inogona kuitwa kana kuvhiyiwa kusingaite, kana bundu racho rakanyanya, kana aine bundu diki, asi paine general contraindication yekuvhiya. Mune iyi sarudzo yekuchengetedza, kupona kunofanana nekurapa kwekuvhiya. Mukuvapo kwe fistulas, chemoradiotherapy haigoneke. Chemotherapy inogona kuve yakaomeswa neye acute kuzvimba kwe mucous membrane yesophagus, iyo inoda chikafu kuburikidza ne anodonhedza.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Chinhu chekutanga icho varwere nemukadzi wese vanofanirwa kuziva nezvegomarara rezamu (sekuti, zvechokwadi, chero mhando yekenza): nhasi ichi hachisi mutsara, yekutanga nhanho yechirwere, yakakwira mikana yekukunda kenza zvachose. Uye kunyange mumatanho anotevera, kune mikana yakawanda uye yakawanda yekurwisa zvinobudirira chirwere ichi nekuda kwekuuya kwenzira dzemazuva ano dzekurapa (ona pasi apa).Ndiani ari panjodzi? Kenza yemazamu chirwere chinoshungurudza neoplasm iyo inowanikwa mune imwechete mune gumi vakadzi. Kenza yemazamu inogona kucherechedzwa pazera ripi neripi, asi mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu, njodziKuumbwa kwemamoriyamu kwakapetwa kakapetwa kashanu kupfuura zera rino. Vanotsvaga vanoona zvinotevera zvinokonzera kukura kwechirwere.1) kuremerwa nhaka: kana hama, kunyanya padumbu revakadzi, vakawanikwa vaine kenza yemazamu, nhengo dzechikadzi, uye zvimwe zvirwere zvekurwara, ipapo njodzi yekurwara nekenza yemazamu inowedzera;2) kutanga kwekuenda kumwedzi (kusvika pamakore gumi nemaviri) uye kunonoka kwekuenda kumwedzi (mushure memakore makumi manomwe nemashanu);3) kusununguka kubereka, kunonoka kuberekwa kwekutanga (mushure memakore makumi matatu), kushomeka kwechibereko kana kuti kwenguva pfupi yekuyamwisa, yepashure yekumuka kwepashure;4) husina kujairika hupenyu hwepabonde;5) kukuvara kwemamary gland;6) kuongororwa kwe "dishormonalmammary gland hyperplasia ”;7) kufutisa;8) kudonhedzwa kwechibereko;9) hormone kutsiva kurapa.Zviratidzo zveCancer Cancer Muchiitiko chekurapa, bundu riri mumamary gland mune akawanda mamiriro ezvinhu anoonekwa nemukadzi kana mukadzi, zvinoitikawo. Bundu rinogona kuwonekwa pakuongororwa nachiremba mammologist, gynecologist, chiremba wekuvhiya, kana kuve netsaona munguva yekuongorora.Zviratidzo zvipi zvinofanirwa kunyevera:    Pamusoro pekunzwa dzidzo pazamu, mukadzi anogona kuona shanduko mumhapa: ulceration, retraction, seeging from the nipple. Iyi inguva yekukumbira chiremba pakarepo.     mune inotevera nhanho chiratidzokukura kushaya simba, kushomeka kwehutano, kukosora, kupfupika kwakanyanya kwekufema, kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunogona kuitika.Mabhachi eKenza Marapirwo Kurapa kenza yemazamu kunoitwa mumatanho akati wandei uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana. Nhatu nzira huru dzinoshandiswa nhasi:Mushonga antitumor kurapwa.Kune akatiwandei marudzi ekurapa kwakadaro, anoti:* chemotherapy: mune ino kesi, zvinodhaka zvine chinangwa chekuparadzwa kwe tumor cell zvinoshandiswa;* kurapa kwehomoni, iko kuti, kushandiswa kwemishonga inodzvinyirira ihmori chiitiko chechipundu nemuviri;* Kurapwa kwakanangwa inzira itsva, nzira iyo mishonga yacho "yakapiswa" pane chinangwa chemasumbu tumor uye zvakanyanya kukanganisa hutanotishu yemunhu;* Immunotherapy ndiyo nzira itsva kwazvo, iyo nhasi pamakorinendi epasirese oncologists inonzi imwe yedzakanakisa nzira dzinokurudzira nzira dzekurwisa marudzi akasiyana ekenza. Iko kukosha kwe immunotherapy kuri mune chaiyo purogiramu yemaseru ekudzivirira emurwere. Nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwavo chaihwo, vanoshandura kuita chishandiso chine simba chinogona kuziva nekuparadza maseru ekenza chaizvo.Nekuongororwa kwegomarara remazamu, kurapwa kwekuvhiya uye radiation kurapwa kunoshandiswawo.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Kenza yemapundu iri kusvika kune imwe yeanowanzoitika marudzi ekukuvadza neoplasms. Paavhareji, kune makumi mana emapapu vanorwara nekenza pamunhu zviuru zana, uyezve, varume vanoonekwa vaine chirwere ichi kakapetwa kagumi kupfuura vanhukadzi, uye chikamu chevagari vemumaguta mune zvese zviitiko chakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura vanhu vemusha. Nekudaro, mushonga wemazuva ano une simba rekurongedza kurapa rudzi urwu rwe oncology: nekuwana nguva yekubatsira, inonyanya mukana kwete kungomisa kukura kwechirwere, asi zvakare kukanganwa nezvazvo zvachose.Kenzalung: chirwere chechirwere uye prognosis yekurapaVanosvika mamirioni mashanu vanofa nekenza yemapapu gore rega rega munyika. Rudzi rwekenza urwu runonzi zvakare bronchogenic carcinoma, kana bronchogenic cancer. Bundu rinokura kubva kueficliary epithelium ye mucous membrane ye bronchi, alveoli uye epithelium yebronchial gland. Kunyangwe chokwadi chekuti etiology yechirwere ichi ichiri kujekesa, zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuvapo kwayo zvinosanganisira: kuputa; kuratidzwa kwe radon uye mamwe makatuni (asbestos mineral ndiyo ine ngozi kumapapu); mamwe marudzi ehutachiona; kuwedzera kusungwa kwevhu guruva mumhepo. Pathogeneis yekenza yemapapu panenullnullmapapu.Stage 1 yemapapu kenza inoonekwa ne bundu kusvika pakureba kwemasendimita matatu, isati yatomboita metastasize. Iyo neoplasm inowanikwa muchikamu chimwe chepapu kana mukati mechikamu chebronchus.Nhanho yechipiri - bundu rinosvika pamasendimita matanhatu riri muchikamu chimwe chepapu kana mukati mechikamu chebronchus. Imwe metastases mune pulmonary uye bronchopulmonary lymph node inoonekwa.Nhanho 3 - bundu rakakura kupfuura 6 cm richichinja kuenda padyo nepamuromo pekupfira kana kumera kweanogarisana nebronchus kana main bronchus. Metastases inowanikwa mune bifurcation, tracheobronchial, paratracheal lymph node.4nhanho yekenza yemapapu inoratidzirwa ne metastases mune kure masisitimu uye nhengo, pleurisy uye / kana pericarditis inobatana. Kugadziriswa uku kunoshanda chete kune squamous cell carcinoma. Panyaya yekenza diki yegomarara, inokura nekukurumidza, zviyero zviviri chete ndizvo zvinosiyaniswa. Yekutanga - danho risingapfuure - inoperekedzwa nekusvikirwa kwemasero pathogenic mune rimwe mapapu uye padyo netishu. Muchikamu chechipiri, bundu racho rinosangana nenzvimbo iri kunze kwemapapu uye kune nhengo dziri kure.Lung kenza kurapwaKuongororwa kwakanaka kwepulmonary oncology kwakanyanya kukosha, nekuti kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekurapa kwakanaka kunoenderana nazvo. Nzira huru dzirikuvhiya kupindira, chemo neradiation kurapa. Nekuda kwekuvandudza kwekurumidza kwehunyanzvi hwekurapa, nzira idzi dziri kuve dzakachengeteka uye dzichibudirira.1. Kurapa kwekuvhiya kunoshandiswa squamous cell carcinoma. Munguva yekuvhiya, bundu rese re cancer rinorwara kana chikamu charo chakaparurwa chakabviswa. Kukura kwehutu kubviswa kunoenderana nechimiro che tumor nenzvimbo yacho. Ikozvino maitiro ekurapa kwegomarara remapapu ndiko kushandiswa kwenzira dzisingapindike, dzinogadzirwa uchishandisa miniature vhidhiyo kamera. Iyi nzira inonzi Vhidhiyo-Yakabatsira Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS). Kuita kwakadaro kunofambidzana nemarwadzo asingatauriki, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa mushure mavo anoenderera nekukurumidza.2. Chemotherapy- Kurapa kukuru kwevarwere vazhinji vane kenza yemapapu. Hwaro hwayo huri mukutora mishonga inoparadza cancer maseru.3. Yakatarisana (yakanangwa) kurapa kwegomarara remapapu. Mishonga yakadaro inocherekedza maseru ane humwe hunhu hwayo ndokudziparadza, zvichikanganisa mabasa akakosha (kukura, kupatsanura). Uye zvakare, zvinodhaka zvakadaro zvinokanganisa kuwanikwa kweropa kune bundu. Chinangwa (chakanangwa) chekurapa chinogona kuve chakagadziriswa senzira yekuzvimirira yekurapa kana mukubatana ne chemotherapy kuitira kuti uwedzere kushanda kwekurapa.4. Immunological kurapwa kwegomarara remapapu inzira itsva uye inovimbisa kwazvo mukatikuchengetedza oncology. Kurapa kwakadaro kunokubvumira kuti uise masero esyako immune system kurwisa cancer cancer uye "target" inongobata tumor cell.5. Radiotherapy. Irradiation ye tumor neine danda rine simba re gamma rays, semhedzisiro iyo masero emukenza anofa (vanomisa kukura uye kubereka). Kutakurirwa neiri kure kana yakakwirira-nzira nzira. Nekurapa kweradiation kurapwa, zvose tumor pachayo uye matunhu ematunhuasis anoratidzwa neradiation. Radiation kurapwa inoshandiswawo kune diki cancer kenza.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, iyo inopfupikiswa seZESE (nemavara ekutanga echirwere), uye dzimwe nguva iwe unogona kuwana zita acute lymphocytic leukemia - chirwere chinorwadza che hematopoietic system. Chirwere chinotanga mumongo wefupa. Mongo yedu yemapfupa fekitari yemasero eropa akasiyana. Kana marongo epfupa achinge arwara, zvino fekitori iyi, panzvimbo yeiya ine hutano (vanachiremba vanotaura nezvemasero akura), anotanga kuburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemasero machena eropa.Kana munhu asingarwari, ipapo masero ese eropa anokura uye akagadziridzwa zvakaringana, zvese zvinoitika nenzira ine hukama. Masero eropa anokura zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kuita kwekutenderera kwacho kwakaoma kunzwisisa. Asi riinhimwana anorwara neacute lymphoblastic leukemia, i.e.ZVese, maitiro ekumashure anotsemuka zvachose.Masero machena eropa, kureva kuti masero eropa machena, anongoerekana arega kukura zvakakwana uye haakure kuva maseru anoshanda akazara. Panzvimbo iyoyo, ivo vanotanga kukurumidza uye vasingadzoreki kugovera. Basa rehematopoietic system riri kuwedzera kushaikwa zvakanaka: maseru anorwara anodzora vane hutano uye anotora nzvimbo yawo mumongo. Mwana anorwara anoshaya masero eropa machena, masero eropa tsvuku (masero matsvuku eropa), kana maplatelet eropa (maplatelet).Ndokusaka vana vachigona kutanga anemia (anemia), akasiyana siyana kutapurirana (kutapukira), uye kazhinji kubuda ropa. Uye izviizvo zviratidzo zvekutanga izvo zvinogona kutaura pamusoro peakachemia leukemia mumwana. Asi chirwere pachacho, ZVESE, kubva pakutanga chaipo hachipo mune chero chikamu chemuviri. Kubva pamutsipa wemapfupa, unopinda mukati meropa, uchipinda mumukati medumbu (lymphatic system) uye mune dzimwe nhengo dzese. Basa rehurongwa hwese hwemitumbi, kureva iyo muviri wese, rinotanga kukanganiswa. Ndokusaka ZVESE, sedzimwe mhando dzese dzemukaka, inonzi chinonzi systemic malignant chirwere, kureva kuti chirwere chinoparadza muviri wese sehurongwa.ZVESE zvinopararira mumuviri wese nekukurumidza. Pasina kurapwa, leukemia masero anokamukira kwese kwese, kwetezvipingamupinyi zvekusangana. Nhengo idzo dzavakazorega kushanda zvakajairika uye hosha nyowani dzinotanga mavari. Kana leukemia isina kurapwa, ipapo kufa kunoitika mumwedzi mishoma.Siya chikumbiro chemahara pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzinozokubata uye kukubatsira kuti usarudze kiriniki yakanyanya kunaka maererano nenyaya yako. Iyo kurapwa regimen yeakakonzera chirwere chemukaka zvinoenderana nezera uye mamiriro emurwere, mhando uye nhanho yekuvandudzwa kwechirwere, uye inogara ichiverengerwa mumwe nemumwe pachiitiko chega chega.Kune maviri epamusoro maitiro ekurapa kweakakonzera chirwere chemukaka - chemotherapy uye kurapwa kwekuvhiya - pfupa marongo transplantation.Chemotherapy inoumbwa nenhanho mbiri dzakateerana:• Chinangwa chechikamu chekutanga ndechekuwaniswa kwekuregererwa. Ne chemotherapy, oncologists inowana kuderera kwezinga remasero ekuputika• Nhanho yekubatanidza yakakodzera kuparadza maseru ekenza asara• Kudzoserwa zvakare, sekutonga, kudzokorora chose chiitiko (zvinodhaka, dosages, frequency yekutonga• Mukuwedzera kune chemotherapeutic zvinodhaka, cytostatics iripo mune yakajairika kurapwa regimen.Maererano nehuwandu, iyo nguva yakakwana yekurapa chemotherapy kurapa kwemaukemia anenge makore maviri.Chemotherapy inosanganiswa ne cytostatics irinzira yehasha yekuratidzira, ichikonzera huwandu hwemigumisiro (kusvotwa, kurutsa, hutano husina kunaka, kupera kwebvudzi, nezvimwewo). Kuti kuderedze mamiriro emurwere, kurapwa kwecommonit kunorayirwa. Mukuwedzera, zvichienderana nemamiriro, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, detoxification vamiriri, maplatelet uye erythrocyte huwandu, uye kuwedzerwa ropa kunogona kukurudzirwa.Bone marongo transplantationKuwedzerwa kwemapfupa kunopa murwere masutu ehunhu, ayo anozova madzitateguru emaseru eropa.Icho chinonyanya kukosha mamiriro ekutapurirana ndiko kuregererwa kwakazara kwechirwere. Izvo zvakakosha kuti marongo epfupa akacheneswa kubva pakuputika masero anozadzwa nemasero ane hutano.Kugadzirira murwere kuvhiyiwa,inokosha immunosuppressive kurapwa kunoitwa. Izvi zvakakosha kuti uparadze leukemia masero uye kudzvinyirira kuchengetedza kwemuviri kuti uderedze njodzi yekushandurwa kwekutapurwa.Contraindication kune mapfupa anotapudza:• Kuputsa kwekushanda kwe nhengo dzemukati• Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvinotapukira• Kutangazve kweanonyanya kukonzera leukemia, kwete kududzira mukuregererwa• chembereRega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Kurapa kwegastric adenocarcinoma inosarudzwa zvichienderana nesaizi yeanoplasm, chiyero chekusiyanisa kwayo, zera remurwere uye mamiriro ake akajairika. Inonyanya kushanda ndeyokuvhiya bundu. Pane marudzi maviri ekuvhiya ayo anogona kuitirwa cancer yemudumbu:    Munguva yepasi rese resetential, neoplasm inobviswa nechikamu chetishu zvine chekuita nekukuvara kana nzvimbo diki yenhengo yacho pachayo;     A gastrectomy inobvisa dumbu rese uye nhengo dzakatenderedza - dunhu lymph node, chikamu cheesophagus uye diki dumbu. Kana pane contraindicationyekupindira kwekuvhiya, masero emukenza anobviswa kuburikidza ne endoluminal laser therapy. Kuti murwere agone kudya ega, madziro anounzwa mudumbu rake (maitiro anonzi endoluminal stening). Usati wavhiya uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa, nzira dzinotevera dzekurapa dzinorayirwa munhu:     Radiation kurapwa. Irradiation inoitwa pamberi pekuvhiya kuti uderedze hukuru hwe bundu, uye zvakare mushure mekuvhiyiwa nzira dzekuparadza maseru ane huturu akasiya mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kushandisa radiation kunogona kuderedza marwadzo uye kudzivirira kubuda kwemukati.     Chemotherapykunoitwa nerubatsiro rweCisplatin, Bleomycin kana Ftorafur kuderedza neoplasm usati wavhiyiwa uye kuparadzwa kwemasumbu maronda shure kwayo. Kurapa kwemakemikari zvakare kunobatsira kudzikisa njodzi yekudzokororwa kwegomarara.     Immunotherapy Kugadzirira kwemakemikari kwakakanganisa kwete chete bundu maseru, asiwo hutano matishu, saka zvakakosha kuti uwedzere kuzvidzivirira kwemuviri nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi nzira.Rega chikumbiro pane webhusaiti yedu uye nyanzvi dzedu dzichaonana newe uye dzichakubatsira kusarudza kiriniki yakanakira maererano nenyaya yako yemahara.

Ongorora:Kuwedzeredza mazamu inzira yekuvhiya yekushandura ukuru uye chimiro chemamary gland. Iyo inowanzoitwa uchishandisa zvimisikidzwa zvakaiswa mukati mazamu, asi adipose tishu yekuturika inoshandiswawo. Muchiitiko chechipiri, nerubatsiro rwepiposuction, mafuta anowanikwa kubva mudumbu uye chiuno, uyezve anobva aunzwa mukati memamary gland. Semutemo, kushandurwa kweadipose tishu kunokubvumira kuti uwedzere kukura kwemazamu nehurefu hwemakumi maviri emamirimita (mita imwe). Avhareji kureba kwekugara kune imwe nyika: Vhiki 1