I-acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ebuye ifushaniswe ngokuthi YONKE (ngezinhlamvu zokuqala zesifo), futhi kwesinye isikhathi ungathola igama le-acute lymphocytic leukemia - isifo esibuhlungu sohlelo lwe-hematopoietic. Lesi sifo siqala kumnkantsha wethambo. Umongo wethu wethambo uyimboni yamaseli egazi ahlukahlukene. Lapho umugqa wethambo ugula, khona-ke le fektri, esikhundleni seyenempilo (odokotela bakhuluma ngamangqamuzana avuthiwe), iqala ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lamaseli egazi amhlophe angakafiki.Lapho umuntu egula, khona-ke wonke amaseli egazi akhula futhi avuselelwa ngokuvumelanayo, konke kwenzeka ngendlela elinganiselayo. Amaseli wegazi avuthwa kancane kancane, futhi inqubo yokuvuthwa iyinkimbinkimbi impela. Kepha niniingane iyagula ine-lymphoblastic leukemia, i.e.BONKE, inqubo yokuvuthwa iphula ngokuphelele.Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, okungukuthi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, avele avele angavuthi ngokuphelele futhi angakhuli abe amaseli okusebenza agcwele. Esikhundleni salokho, baqala ukuhlanganyela ngokushesha nangokungalawuleki. Umsebenzi wohlelo lwe-hematopoietic uyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokungafanele: amangqamuzana agulayo afaka amanye aphilile futhi abambelele endaweni yomongo. Ingane egulayo ayinawo amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe anempilo, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (amaseli abomvu egazi), noma amaplatelet egazi (amaplatelet).Kungaleso sizathu izingane zingakha i-anemia (anemia), izinkinga ezithathelwanayo ezahlukahlukene (ukutheleleka), kanye nokuphuma kwegazi kaningi. Futhi lokhulezo yizimpawu zokuqala ezingakhuluma nge-leukemia ebukhali enganeni. Kepha lesi sifo uqobo, SONKE, kusukela ekuqaleni asitholakali kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Ukusuka emqubeni wethambo, ungena ungene egazini, ungene ezicutshini ze-lymphoid (uhlelo lwe-lymphatic) nakuzo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba. Umsebenzi wohlelo lonke lwezitho, okungukuthi, umzimba wonke, uqala ukuphazamiseka. Kungakho ZONKE, njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-leukemia, zibizwa ngokuthi isifo esibuhlungu esise-systemic, okungukuthi, lesi sifo sibulala wonke umzimba njengohlelo.KONKE kusakazeka emzimbeni wonke ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, amaseli we-leukemia aphambukeka yonke indawo, hhayiizithiyo zomhlangano. Izitho zomzimba lapho ziyeke khona ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile kanti nezifo ezintsha ezinkulu ziqala kuzo. Uma i-leukemia ingelashwa, khona-ke ukufa kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.Shiya isicelo samahhala kwiwebhusayithi yethu futhi ochwepheshe bethu bazokuthinta bakusize ukhethe umtholampilo ohamba phambili ngokulandela icala lakho. Indlela yokwelashwa yokwelapha i-leukemia ebukhali incike eminyakeni yobudala kanye nesiguli, uhlobo nesigaba sokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo, futhi kubalwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokwahlukana ngakunye esimweni ngasinye.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwe-leukemia ebukhali - ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa - ukufakelwa kwamathambo.I-Chemotherapy yakhiwaizinyathelo ezimbili ezilandelanayo:• Inhloso yesigaba sokuqala ukutholwa kokuxolelwa. Ngama-chemotherapy, ama-oncologists athola ukwehla kwezinga lamaseli wokuqhuma• Isinyathelo sokuhlanganisa esidingekayo ukubhubhisa amaseli womdlavuza asele• Ukungenisa kabusha, njengomthetho, ukuphinda ngokuphelele uhlelo (izidakamizwa, imithamo, imvamisa yokuphatha) yesigaba sokuqala• Ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa ze-chemotherapeutic, ama-cytostatics akhona ohlelweni olujwayelekile lokwelashwa.Ngokwezibalo, ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kwe-leukemia acute cishe iminyaka emi-2.I-Chemotherapy ehlanganiswe ne-cytostatics iyiindlela enolaka yokuvezwa, okudala imiphumela emibi eminingana (isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, impilo engeyinhle, ukulahlekelwa izinwele, njll.). Ukuze kuncishiswe isimo sesiguli, kunqunywa ukwelashwa okufana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuya ngesimo, ama-antibiotics, ama-detoxification agents, ama-platelet ne-erythrocyte mass, nokunconywa kwegazi kunganconywa.Ukufakelwa kwamathamboUkufakelwa kwamathambo kunikeza isiguli amaseli anempilo we-stem, athi kamuva abe ngokhokho bamaseli egazi ajwayelekile.Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu sokudluliswa kwezidalwa kuyinto yokuxolelwa ngokuphelele kwesifo. Kubalulekile ukuthi umongo wethambo ohlanziwe kusuka kumaseli aqhuma ugcwaliswe ngamaseli anempilo.Ukuze ulungiselele isiguli ukuhlinzwa,Ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwe-immunosuppressive kuyenziwa. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukubhubhisa amaseli we-leukemia futhi kucindezele ukuzivikela komzimba ukuze kunciphise ingozi yokwenqatshwa.Ukuxhumana kokuthathwa kokufakelwa kwamathambo:• Ukwephulwa kokusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi• Izifo ezithathelanayo ezingapheli• Ukubuyela emuva kwe-leukemia ebusayo, hhayi ukuhumushela ekuxolelweni• ukugugaShiya isicelo kuwebhusayithi yethu futhi ongoti bethu bazokuthinta bakusize ukhethe umtholampilo ohamba phambili ngokuhambisana necala lakho mahhala.