Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wezinso

nullwonke amathumbu ezinso atholakala ngokungahleliwe, ene-ultrasound ehleliwe ngokungabikho ngokuphelele kwezimpawu.Izimpawu zokuphila kwalesi sifo manje sezijwayelekile.    1. Igazi emchameni (i-hematuria). Ukuvela kwakhe kungazelelwe futhi kube nephrofayili.     2. Ubuhlungu emuva nangemuva eliphansi: lezi zikhalazo zihambisana nokuqhuma kwesimila ezithweni eziseduze noma ukuphuma kwe-ureter.     3. Ukuhlangana esiswini (palpation palpates tumor).     4. Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa nomfutho wegazi (lokhu okugcina kungabangelwa ukucindezelwa kwemithambo yemithambo noma ukukhiqizwa kwe-renin tumor).5. I-Varicocele.     6. Ukwehla kwesisindo, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, i-anemia, ukujuluka kobusuku nokukhathala ngokweqile.Ngeshwa, imvamisa izimpawu zomdlavuza wezinso zingaveli ngokushesha, lesi sifo siqhubeka ngesimo isikhathi eside. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uvivinyelwe njalo, wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound bese uhlola igazi nomchamo.Ukuxilongwa umdlavuza wezinsoUkuxilongwa komdlavuza wezinso kufaka uhla lonke lokukhwabanisa okuhlukile, okukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukutholakala kwesifo ngokunemba okuphelele.   1. Indlela ebiza kakhulu yokuxilonga i-ultrasound.    2. Izinga legolide lokuxilongwa kwama-tumors ezinso yikhompyuthaTomogra Ngokuphambene. I-tomography ehlanganisiwe inikeza isithombe esiphelele sesikhundla se-tumor, ubukhulu baso, isigaba sasemtholampilo nokukhula kwe-tumor kwizitho eziseduze.   3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis kuveza ukuba khona kokungcola kwegazi emchanjeni.   4. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kukuvumela ukukhomba izimpawu eziqondile zesifo: i-anemia, amazinga aphakeme we-alkaline phosphatase, urea esegazini, njll.   5. I-MRI yokuxilongwa kwama-tumors ezinso isetshenziswa kancane kune-CT, isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokwenza i-MRI ukungqubuzana nokwenza i-CT.   6. I-biopsy yamathumbu ezinso yenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwale sifo.kanye nokuthola amanye amaqhinga wokwelashwa. Ngeshwa, kwezinye izimo, i-biopsy yesimila sezinso ayisihlaseli, ngenxa yalesi sizathu lolu cwaningo manje alwenziwa kaningi.  7. Ukunquma i-metastases emaphashini nasemathanjeni esinqe, isifuba x-ray ne-osteoscintigraphy kuyasetshenziswa.  8. I-angiography yeRenal - ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray nge-ejenti ehlukile.Ngokusekelwe kuluphi ukubonakaliswa komdlavuza wezinso, isimo sesiguli kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqala, udokotela ukhetha izindlela ezithile zokuxilonga umdlavuza wezinso ukwakha isithombe esihlose kakhulu.Izigaba zomdlavuza wezinsoKunezigaba ezi-4 zomdlavuza wezinso obonakala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukenenullnoma isimila sisabalalela ku-renal vein / vena cava.     4. Ibanga lomdlavuza wezinso. Isimila sihluma ikhompiyutha yezinso.Ukwelashwa umdlavuza wezinsoUkwelashwa ngomdlavuza wezinso kususelwa ezindleleni eziningana ezamukelwa ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa ngazinye noma ngokuphelele. Udokotela ohambelayo, ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwesimila, esigabeni somtholampilo sobudala nenhlala-kahle yesiguli, ukuphikisana okukhona nezinye izinto, angaguqukela ezindleleni ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokwelapha umdlavuza wezinso kukususa isimila. I-radical nephrectomy ukususwa okuphelele kwezinso ezithintekile, imvamisa kuhlangene nezicubu ezizungezile ze-perirenal, ama-lymph node, futhi ngezinye izikhathii-adrenal gland. Uma usayizi wesimila ungeqi ku-7 cm, kwenziwa ingxenye ethile yezinso. Kanye nendlela yendabuko, lapho kususwa khona izinso noma ukusetshenziselwa kabusha kwayo ngokwenza i-incision enkulu, kune-laparoscopic eyodwa. Kulesi simo, isimila sisuswa noma siphinde senziwe kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile afakwe kwisisu esiswini ngokuhlangana okuncane (2 cm). Indlela ye-laparoscopic ihlotshaniswa nemvamisa ephansi yezinkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuselelwa kweziguli kushesha. Enye indlela yokwelapha isimila sezinso i-cryoablation. Umnyombo wendlela ukukhulula isimila ngosizo lwekristalu elikhethekile elifakwe esiswini. Tumorkufakwa ngaphansi kweqhwa elinye futhi kuncibilika, okugcina kuholele ekufeni kwamaseli womdlavuza. Le ndlela iyisigameko esibuhlungu kakhulu esigulini futhi siyakhonjiswa lapho ukuhlinzwa kungeke kwenzeke, ukuqubuka kwezinso zombili kanye nesimila seso sodwa. Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa (i-chemotherapy, i-hormone therapy noma i-immunotherapy) kunqunywa uma kutholakala ukuthi kunomdlavuza wezinso osezingeni eliphezulu (isigaba 4), lapho ukuhlinzwa kungeke kwenzeke.Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza WezinsoUkuvimbela umdlavuza wezinso, kubalulekile ukuyeka ukubhema, ukulawula isisindo nokudla ukudla okulinganiselayo (nge-predominance yezithelo nemifino). Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuphila enempilo iyindlela esemqoka yokuvikela lesi sifo.