Cutar fata fata matsala ce da ta zama ruwan dare. A cikin duniya, Ostiraliya, New Zealand da Amurka suna kan gaba wajen yawan sabbin kwayoyin cutar melanoma da aka bayar kowace shekara. A Rasha, kamar sauran wurare a duniya, ƙididdigar ƙwayoyin cuta suna haɓaka.A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, sabbin kwayoyin cutar melanoma 132,000 ne ake yadawa a duk shekara a duniya.
Yawancin marasa lafiya tsofaffi ne, bayan shekara 50 yawan marasa lafiya maza ya ninka 2-3 sau fiye da mata. Amma a cikin samari maza da mata, cutar sankarar fata na tasowa koyaushe. Dangane da masu ilimin cututtukan dabbobi, wannanCancer a Rasha shine na biyu kawai a kansar huhu, kansar nono da kuma cutar kansa. A takaice dai, wannan ba game da wasu cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ba ne, amma game da haɗarin gaske ga lafiyar.Iri fata oncologyCutar fata ta gama gari sun haɗa da:Baskinoma Basal cell - ana gano wannan cutar a cikin lokuta 7 na cututtukan fata daga 10. Basalioma yana kama da nodule ko tabar wiwi mai launin ja-ruwan hoda ko ruwan hoda, wanda yawanci yakan bayyana akan fuska. A neoplasm na iya wasu lokuta ƙaiƙayi, rauni ko zub da jini - sannu a hankali yana ƙaruwa da girman,ba tare da haifar da mutum ya bayyana rashin jin daɗi ba, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa za a jinkirta ziyarar likita. An yi sa'a, wannan tumo da wuya yadawa cikin jiki (yana ba da metastases), sabili da haka, hangen nesa na marasa lafiya yawanci abin yarda ne.Carcinoma na squamous na fata (squcinous cell carcinoma) sau da yawa yana kama da naman kaza a cikin siffar: jiki mai zagaye tare da kafafu na bakin ciki. Wannan ƙari yana kama da wart: a mafi yawan lokuta ana samo shi a saman fuska, a cikin yankin ƙananan lebe. A cikin wasu nau'ikan carcinoma na squamous, ana iya gano cutar ta neoplasm kawai ta hanyar canza launi: a cikin yankin pathologicaltana da laushi ko taushi. A matakai na gaba, maganin kan haifar da haifar da metastases kuma wani lokacin ba zai iya cutuwa ba.Melanoma wani nau'in cutar sankarau ne mai matukar hatsarin gaske wanda ke haifar da yawancin mace-mace a cikin cututtukan fata. Yana tasowa mafi yawan lokuta daga moles - tarin ƙwayoyin launi, melanocytes, amma ba wai kawai: melanoma kuma zai iya shafar retina, mecoran mecoranes (bakin ciki, farji, dubura). Wannan halin neoplasm an haɓaka shi da haɓaka mai sauri kuma yana iya haifar da samuwar metastases da yawa masu nisa - a cikin ƙasusuwa, kwakwalwa, huhu, hanta. Ko datare da magani na lokaci, marasa lafiya tare da melanoma sau da yawa suna da koma-baya - ci gaba da cutar tumbi bayan shekaru da yawa.Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na asali don yaƙi da cutar kansa.Yin tiyata ita ce hanya mafi arha don kawar da cutar daji. Ana lura da mafi girman tasirin aikin a farkon matakin, lokacin da ake yin aikin neoplasm bai shafi nono da sauran gabobin jikinsu da ƙyallen ba. Bayan cire tumor din, likitan tiyata yayi aikinda yake kawowa (electrocoagulation) da warkaswa (magani) na farfajiyar rauni domin lalata kwayoyin cutar kansa. Tunda cutar kansar fata takan fara tasowa a fuska, akwai hanyoyin sanyawa a hankali,wanda ke rage lahani na ado. Waɗannan sun haɗa da cryodestruction, wanda tumor ɗin ya daskare tare da ruwan nitrogen kuma an cire shi ba tare da rauni mai rauni ba. Koyaya, yakamata a fahimta cewa a cikin lokuta masu nau'in cutar daji mai rauni - ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar squamous da melanoma - ba shi yiwuwa a zaɓi zaɓi don ƙimar mafi ƙarancin tiyata. Surgeryarancin tiyata, bisa ga hanyar MOHS (Mohsa), ana ɗauka mafi aminci kuma ingantacciyar nau'in aikin tiyata ta zamani don maganin cututtukan fata. Tare da shi, an cire fata tare da ƙwayoyin tumor a cikin yadudduka, a ƙarƙashin ikon maɓallin microscope, kuma kowane Layer yana cikin kai tsayeyayin aiki ana aika shi don ƙarin gwaji zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje. Likitan tiyata ya dakatar da shiga tsakani ne kawai a daidai lokacin da masana tarihi suka tabbatar da cewa raunin ba ya cikin sel mai wahala.Ana amfani da radiotherapy azaman matsayin haɗin kan hanyar tiyata. Radiyon yana lalata lalata sel wanda ke haifar da saurin ci gaba, saboda haka, katuwar hasken ionizing radiation na iya rage girman ciwan, kuma ya lalata waɗancan ƙwayoyin cuta da suka tsira bayan tiyata. Tsawan lokacin da ake amfani da kuɗaɗen shuɗi da sigar iska mutum ɗaiɗaice ne ga kowane mai haƙuri.Chemotherapy tsari ne da na gida. Tare da nadin wannan dabarar, cytotoxic (lalata gaKwayoyin) ana sa sinadarai a ciki ko a shafa shi kai tsaye. Irin wannan kusancin yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen gano metastases lokacin da tushen cutar kansa yake a wajen da likitocin ke iya zuwa.Photodynamic far yana dauke da lalata ciwan kansa ta hancin laser bayan aikin daukar hoto na farko (yana kara yawan jijiyoyin sel zuwa haske). Wannan hanyar ita ce sabuwar al'ada, kuma amfani da ita ba tare da tiyata ba yana iya tattaunawa. Koyaya, haɓaka fasaha yana ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa sannu a hankali ana gabatar da maganin photodynamic a cikin aikin asibiti na cibiyoyin likita.Rigakafin cutar daji da aka yi niyya - fasahar daɗaɗaɗaɗɗiya da ke da nasaba da niyya.ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar inganta tsarin rigakafi ko gabatarwar magunguna waɗanda aka kirkira musamman ga wani nau'in cutar kansa dangane da halayen ɗabi'ar mutum na mai haƙuri. Wasu masana suna da tabbacin cewa tsawon lokaci wannan yanki a cikin oncology zai maye gurbin duk sauran hanyoyin magance neoplasms, amma har zuwa yanzu, ana amfani da tsarin rigakafi da niyya tare da sauran hanyoyin da - don rigakafin sake dawowa.Bar izini a rukunin gidan yanar gizon mu kuma ƙwararrun likitocinku zasu tuntuɓarku kuma su taimaka muku zaɓi mafi kyawun asibitin daidai da shari'ar ku kyauta.