Unyango lomhlaza wesibindi

Umhlaza wesibindi sisifo esiqatha esineqondo eliphezulu lokusweleka. Emva kokubonakala kwe-neoplasm, umphumo obulalayo unokwenzeka emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa. I-Oncology inokwenzeka kwii-lobes zesibindi okanye kwi-bile ducts. Isundu sibonakaliswa kukukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwenziwa kwee-metastases, kunye nokuthathelwa ingqalelo okuphantsi kunyango. Ngexesha lokuxilongwa, inqanaba lesi sifo liyasekwa. Zine, zizonke, ukwahlula kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu z morphological, indawo ye-tumor kunye nenqanaba lomonakalo:Eyokuqala (I). Isundu sinokuba kubukhulu obahlukeneyo, kodwa sibekwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni, akukho ntsholongwane kwimithambo, i-lymph node kunyeamanye amalungu. Umsebenzi wenzeka ngokupheleleyo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, iimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza wesibindi kukukhathala, ubuthathaka, ukuncipha kokusebenza kunye nokungathandeki phezulu kwicala lasekunene. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, kukho ukonyuka kwesibindi ngokobukhulu.Okwesibini (II). Ukwenziwa konyuka ukuya kububanzi obuyi-5 cm, ngelixa imvakalelo yobunzima kunye nokuqaqadeka okanye ukuqaqanjelwa sisisu esiswini kuyongezwa kwiimpawu ezikhoyo. Ekuqaleni, iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu zibonakala ngokungathethekiyo ngexesha lokuxakeka ngumzimba, ke ziba nzima ngakumbi kwaye zihlale zihleli. Kwinqanaba lesibini, kukho imiqondiso yokutsala ukutya, njengokulahla komnqweno wokutya, ukuthabatheka, isicaphucaphu,ukugabha, urhudo. Isigulana siqala ukunciphisa umzimba ngokukhawuleza.Okwesithathu (III). Ukukhula okungalunganga kukhula, ezinye ukugxila kwendawo yokuvela kweeseli ze-pathological ziyavela. Umhlaza uhlala ufunyaniswa kweli nqanaba ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ziqala ukubizwa.Zintathu izinto ezinokuthi zithathwe sesi sifo:    I-IIIa. Isundu sisasazeka apha entanjeni yesibindi kwaye siyanda ngokobukhulu. Ukutshala kwenzeka kwimithambo emikhulu, kodwa ke akukho kusasazeka kwizitho ezikude kunye nee-lymph node.    I-IIIb. Ukudityaniswa kweeseli ezingalunganga ezinamalungu asesiswini aphumileyo kunye nolusu lwangaphandle lwesibindi lujongwa. Kwinkqubo hayiibhedi iyabandakanyeka.    I-IIIc. Isibindi sichaphazelekayo ngakumbi nangakumbi, sisasazeka kwii-lymph node. Umsebenzi we-organ awuthinteki, ochaphazela imeko yomzimba. Isigulana siphuhlisa i-edema, ithoni yesikhumba ecteric, i-spider veins, ascites, kunye nemvakalelo yokugcwala esiswini. Umsebenzi we-endocrine glands uyaphazamiseka kwaye ubushushu bomzimba bukhuphuka. Ukuthoba umzimba ngokuqatha kubandakanya ukuqaqamba kweempawu zobuso kunye nokwehla kokuqina kwesikhumba. Intlungu iba namandla kwaye ihlala ihleli. Kweli nqanaba, kukho rhoqo ukopha kwesisu nangaphakathi.    Okwesine (IV). Inqanaba lesine lomhlaza wesibindi liqwalaselweInkqubo engenakuguqulwa. I-metastases ene-lymph kunye nokuhamba kwegazi kusasazeka emzimbeni wonke, ngokuya iphazamisa ukusebenza kwamalungu kunye neenkqubo. Zimbini izigaba zomhlaza wesibindi:    IVA Ukonakala komzimba wonke kuqatshelwe, ithumba likhula liye kwizitho ezijikelezileyo nakwiinqanawa. Kwizitho ezikude, i-metastases ayifumaneki.     IVB. Onke amalungu kunye neenkqubo zichaphazeleka ziiseli ezinobungozi. Kukho ii-neoplasms ezininzi zobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Umhlaza wesibindi weBanga lesi-4 kunye ne-metastases ihamba kunye nokwanda kwamalungu emithanjeni, ukuqunjelwa, iintlungu eziqatha, ukungazithembi ngokweemvakalelo, ukuguquka ngokukhawuleza kwemvakalelo, ilahleko ebalulekileyoubunzima, ukwanda kwesisu ngobukhulu. Ukuba ujonga imifanekiso yezigulana ezinomhlaza wesibindi womhlaza webanga lesine, unokubona ukuvela kolusu, ukuthamba okungenampilo ngamathambo avelayo kunye nokudumba okukhulu komzimba.I-Oncology iboleka kakuhle kunyango kumanqanaba amabini okuqala, emva koko akusekho kunyango. I-Oncologists inokuchaza kuphela unyango lweempawu zokunciphisa imeko kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu ezinzima.Xa ebuzwa ukuba bahlala ixesha elingakanani kwinqanaba lesine lesifo somhlaza, akukho mpendulo iyodwa. Yonke into iya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bomonakalo nakwindlela isigulana esisebenza ngayo kunyango.UnyangoIsigulana kunye neendawo ezikuyo zihlala zihlalaunexhala lokuba ngaba umhlaza wesibindi uyanyangwa okanye akunjalo? Lo mbuzo ungaphendulwa kuphela ngugqirha ofundayo, ongumnikazi wolwazi malunga neziphumo zovavanyo kunye neemviwo zokuxilonga. Xa ukhetha indlela yokunyanga umhlaza wesibindi, ibalulekile:   - ubungakanani bes tumor;    - ubume bezemfundo    -obungakanani bomonakalo;    -ukusebenza kwe-tumor;    -ubukho be-metastases;    -imeko jikelele yezigulana.Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa isantya sokukhula kwesisu, ukujikeleza kwakhona kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwisibindi se-oncology:    Unyango lweziyobisi.KwisigulanaNexavar kunye neSorafenib zimiselwe, izinto ezisebenzayo ezinesiphumo sobuthi kwizisele ezichaphazelekayo. Ndiyabulela kwisiphumo esijolise kwimfundo, izicubu ezinempilo azonakalanga. I-chemotherapy yemveli phantse ayincedi ngumhlaza wesibindi.Unyango lwe-radiation.Ukusetyenziswa kwee-x-reyi ezijolise kwimithamo emikhulu kunceda ukubuyisela isisu, ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudlulisela isifo ekuxolelweni. Ifanelekile kunyango lwe-oncology nakweliphi na inqanaba.    UkohlwayaLe ndlela kukutshatyalaliswa kwe-neoplasm ngokungenisa i-ethanol kwisisu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemitha ye-microwave, amaza erediyo anamandla, kunye ne-cryodestruction. Unyango ngaphandle kokuhlinzwakwisibindi esine-oncology kunika isiphumo esihle ukuba ithumba linobubanzi obungaphantsi kwe-3 cm.    Ukunyanzeliswa kwamathambo.Ngenxa yokungeniswa kwamachiza akhethekileyo kwimithambo yesibindi, ukufikelela kwegazi kwi-neoplasm kuvaliwe, ngaloo ndlela kubangela ukwehla kobungakanani bayo. Indlela inefuthe elihle kwizithumba ezinobubanzi obufikelela kwi-5 cm .. Ngokufuthi zisetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kwi-ablation, chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemithaNgaba umhlaza wesibindi unokunyangwa ngokuhlinzwa? Kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango lukuvumela ukuba ujonge kwikamva ngokuzithemba. Ukukhupha i-tumor okanye ukuhanjiswa kwesibindi kukonyusa kakhulu amathuba okuba isigulanaUkuxolelwa ixesha elide Iimeko zokungenelela kokuhlinzwa kukusebenza kwe-tumor, i-metastase enye yendawo kunye nokungabikho kwezilonda ze-oncological ngaphandle kwesibindi. Uwunyanga njani umhlaza wesibindi ukuba ngaba ithumba lingasebenzi? Kule meko, ukungeniswa kwee-cytostatics ngqo kwiinqanawa ezinkulu zesibindi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezi ndlela ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo zichazwe.Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba akukho nyango lonyango lomhlaza wesibindi, kodwa kufuneka uhlale ukholelwa ekuvuseleleni. Xa ubuzwa ukuba unyango lomhlaza wesibindi lunyangwa, kwiimeko ezininzi, i-oncologists iphendula ngokuqinisekileyo. Kwiklinikhi yethu, iqela elinobuhlobo logqirha elinamanqanaba aphezulu onyango kunye nezihloko zenzululwazi ukunceda ukufumana impilo.