Ovarian cancer treatment

nullmanifest themselves in the early stages of the disease (with the exception of stromal).Key risk factors include:     advanced age - as a rule, the disease develops in women after menopause, aged 50 to 60 years (8 out of 10 cases);      women with early onset of menstruation (up to 12 years old) and late menopause (after 52 years);      smoking;      obesity;      taking drugs for infertility and hormone replacement therapy;      polycystic;      endometriosis (abnormal proliferation of the inner lining of the uterus);hereditary factor (genetic predisposition) - the presence of close relatives of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer.Women who have no children and have never breast-fed are also at risk.Stages and types of ovarian cancerThere are 4 stages:    At stage 1, the lesion is found in one or both ovaries. The prognosis is positive, the cure is positive, most patients go into stable remission without returning the disease.    At stage 2, the neoplasm spreads to other parts of the pelvic cavity. In general, and at this stage, the forecast is positive, according to statistics in the five-year rangenullaccording to the degree of malignancy:    class A (low malignancy) - a slowly growing tumor, cells with minor anomalies (highly differentiated);     class B (moderate malignancy) - more pronounced morphological changes in tumor cells compared with highly differentiated;     class C (high malignancy) - a fast-growing tumor, low-grade cells.Ovarian Cancer TreatmentsCombination therapy usually involves a combination of the surgical method (surgery) and chemotherapy.SurgeryAs a rule, during surgery for ovarian cancer, both paired organs, the fallopian tubes and the uterus, nearby lymph nodes and folds of adipose tissue in the abdominal cavity are removed,to which the cancer has spread.If a young woman can detect the disease at the very beginning (at stage 1), in some cases a gentle surgical intervention is performed with removal of the ovary and fallopian tube on one side. In addition to the fact that the prognosis for cure in this case is positive, this allows you to keep hope of pregnancy.To reduce trauma and the likelihood of complications, as well as for cosmetic purposes, surgery for ovarian cancer can be performed using the Robot da Vinci intelligent robotic system.ChemotherapyChemotherapy for ovarian cancer is usually prescribed after surgery as part of complex therapy. Drugs are usually administeredinto a vein or directly into the abdominal cavity, a combination of these methods is also used.In the later stages, chemotherapy can be chosen as the main method of therapy.Radiation therapyIn rare cases (with severe pain, bleeding from a tumor), external radiation therapy or brachytherapy (contact radiation) are included in the treatment regimen for ovarian cancer.Recovery after treatmentWith a normal course of rehabilitation, full recovery after treatment of ovarian cancer in women takes up to 6 weeks. If the uterus has been removed, within 3-4 weeks it is necessary to abandon sex. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe hormones and vitamin D.